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Study of Biomarker Response of Metallothionein and Heat Shock Proteins in Macrobrachium Rosenbergii in Exposure to Heavy Metals & Thermal Stress

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT第4-11页
Chapter-Ⅰ第11-16页
    Summary第12-15页
        1.1 Background and Experimental Setup第12页
        1.2 Metallothionein of M.rosenbergii第12-13页
        1.3 Mar-MT-I as Biomarker第13-14页
        1.4 Hsp70 family as Biomarker第14-15页
        1.5 Relationship between Mar-MT and Hsc70第15-16页
Chapter-Ⅱ第16-20页
    Introduction第17-20页
Chapter-Ⅲ第20-88页
    Metallothionein第21-88页
        3.1 Introduction第21-40页
            3.1.1 Principal characteristics of MTs第21-22页
            3.1.2 Isoforms of MT第22-23页
            3.1.3 Expression and degradation第23-25页
            3.1.4 Problems in MT Quantification第25-26页
            3.1.5 MT Induction Dependent on Metal Type,Dose,Exposure Time & Conditions and Organism第26-33页
                3.1.5.1 Metal Type第26-28页
                3.1.5.2 Organism/biological characteristics第28-30页
                3.1.5.3 Dose and Exposure Time第30-32页
                3.1.5.4 Exposure Conditions第32-33页
            3.1.6 Biological Roles of MTs第33-35页
            3.1.7 MT as a biomarker of Metal Exposure第35-36页
            3.1.8 Problems in Using Different Species for Biomarker Studies第36-38页
                3.1.8.1 Annelids第36页
                3.1.8.2 Crustaceans第36-37页
                3.1.8.3 Molluscs第37页
                3.1.8.4 Fishes第37-38页
            3.1.9 Other Confounding factors第38-39页
            3.1.10 Aims of Present Study第39-40页
        3.2 Materials and methods第40-44页
            3.2.1 Materials第40页
                3.2.1.1 Materials for Sampling第40页
            3.2.2 Materials for Isolation of Total RNA第40-41页
                3.2.2.1 Chemicals and Reagents第40-41页
                3.2.2.2 Equipments第41页
                3.2.2.3 Animals第41页
            3.2.3 Materials for Isolation of MT cDNA第41-43页
                3.2.3.1 Chemicals第41-42页
                3.2.3.2 Equipments第42-43页
            3.2.4 Materials for Northern Analysis第43-44页
        3.3 Methodology第44-52页
            3.3.1 Culturing of Prawns,Exposure to Stress and Sampling第44-45页
            3.3.2 Isolation of total RNA第45-46页
            3.3.3 Quantification of total RNA第46页
            3.3.4 Primer Designing and Preparation第46-48页
            3.3.5 Isolation and Cloning of MT Fragment第48页
            3.3.6 RT-PCR for Preparation of First Strand cDNA第48-49页
            3.3.7 Amplification of MT Fragment from cDNA Strand第49页
                3.3.7.1 PCR Components第49页
                3.3.7.2 PCR Conditions第49页
            3.3.8 Ligation of MT Fragment第49-50页
            3.3.9 Transformation第50页
            3.3.10 Insert Check and Cloning of Transformed E.coli第50-52页
                3.3.10.1 PCR Components第51页
                3.3.10.2 PCR Conditions第51-52页
            3.3.11 Isolation of Recombinant Plasmid and Sequencing第52页
        3.4 Preparation of 5' RACE Product第52-55页
            3.4.1 First Round of 5'RACE PCR第52-53页
                3.4.1.1 PCR Components第52页
                3.4.1.2 PCR Conditions第52-53页
            3.4.2 Second Round of 5'RACE PCR第53-54页
                3.4.2.1 PCR Components第53页
                3.4.2.2 PCR Conditions第53-54页
            3.4.3 5' RACE One Primer Check第54页
                3.4.3.1 PCR Components第54页
                3.4.3.2 PCR Conditions第54页
            3.4.4 5' RACE Insert Check and Cloning of Transformed E.coli第54-55页
        3.5 Preparation of 3' RACE Product第55-57页
            3.5.1 First Round of 3' RACE PCR第55-56页
                3.5.1.1 PCR Components第55页
                3.5.1.2 PCR Conditions第55-56页
            3.5.2 Second Round of 3' RACE PCR第56-57页
                3.5.2.1 PCR Components第56页
                3.5.2.2 PCR Conditions第56-57页
            3.5.3 3' RACE One Primer Check第57页
                3.5.3.1 PCR Components第57页
                3.5.3.2 PCR Conditions第57页
            3.5.4 3' RACE Insert Check and Cloning of Transformed E.coli第57页
        3.6 Preparation of MT Probe for Northern Analysis第57-59页
            3.6.1 Purification of Amplified cDNA第58页
            3.6.2 Quantification of Purified PCR Product第58-59页
            3.6.3 Labeling of Purified PCR Product第59页
        3.7 Preparation of Solutions for Northern Analysis第59-61页
            3.7.1 EDTA,0.5M(pH 8.0)第59页
            3.7.2 TAE buffer,50X第59页
            3.7.3 SSC,20X第59页
            3.7.4 SDS,10%(100ml)第59-60页
            3.7.5 Malic acid,10X第60页
            3.7.6 1M Tris-HCl(pH 7.5)第60页
            3.7.7 Washing-Ⅰ第60页
            3.7.8 Washing-Ⅱ for RNA第60页
            3.7.9 Washing Buffor第60页
            3.7.10 Stripping Buffor第60-61页
            3.7.11 Blocking Buffor第61页
            3.7.12 Antobody Blocking Buffor第61页
            3.7.13 DEPC Water第61页
        3.8 Preformance of Northern Analysis第61-66页
            3.8.1 Calculation of RNA value for loading the gel第61-62页
            3.8.2 Loading of agarose gel with samples第62页
            3.8.3 Washings of loaded gel第62-63页
            3.8.4 Transferring of RNA onto membrane and probe hybridization第63页
            3.8.5 Washing of membrane and signal detection第63-64页
            3.8.8 Stripping of RNA membrane for reprobing第64-66页
        3.9 Results第66-75页
            3.9.1 Isolation and Characterization of MT cDNA第66-69页
            3.9.2 Mar-MT-I Gene Expression Profile in Different Tissues第69-70页
            3.9.3 Analysis of MT Gene Expression as Biomarker Response第70-75页
                3.9.3.1 Heavy Metals Effect on MT Gene Expression in Hepatopancreas第70-74页
                    3.9.3.1.1 Cadmium Effect第70-71页
                    3.9.3.1.2 Copper Effect第71-72页
                    3.9.3.1.3 Zinc Effect第72-73页
                    3.9.3.1.4 Combined Heavy Metal and Heat Shock Effect第73-74页
                3.9.3.2 Heavy Metals Effect on MT Gene Expression in Gills第74-75页
        3.10 Discussion第75-88页
            3.10.1 Isolation and Characterization of MT cDNA第75-80页
            3.10.2 Mar-MT-I Gene Expression Profile in Different Tissues第80页
            3.10.3 Biomarker Response of Mar-MT-I Gene第80-88页
                3.10.3.1 Hepatopancreas第80-85页
                3.10.3.2 Gills第85-88页
Chapter-Ⅳ第88-110页
    Heat Shock Proteins- Hsp70 inducible第89-110页
        4.1 Introduction第89-107页
            4.1.1 Hsp70- Major stress inducible protein family第90-91页
            4.1.2 Expression of Hsp70 in Different Conditions第91-92页
            4.1.3 Favoring Evidences:Hsps as a Biomarker第92-96页
                4.1.3.1 Aquatic Environment第92-94页
                4.1.3.2 Terrestrial Environment第94-95页
                4.1.3.3 Transgenic System第95-96页
            4.1.4 Contradictory Evidences:Hsps as a Biomarker第96-98页
            4.1.5 Critical Analysis第98-105页
            4.1.6 Application of Biomarkers Set:第105-107页
        4.2 Materials and Methods第107-108页
            4.2.1 Materials第107页
            4.2.2 Method第107-108页
        4.3 Results第108页
        4.4 Discussion第108-110页
Chapter-Ⅴ第110-125页
    Heat Shock Proteins-Hsc70(Cognate)第111-125页
        5.1 Introduction第111-112页
        5.2 Materials and Methods第112-113页
            5.2.1 Materials第112页
            5.2.2 Methods第112-113页
        5.3 Results第113-121页
            5.3.1 Effect of Heavy Metals on Hsc70 expression in Hepatopancreas第113-117页
                5.3.1.1 Cadmium Effect第113-114页
                5.3.1.2 Copper Effect第114-115页
                5.3.1.3 Zinc Effect第115-116页
                5.3.1.4 Combined Heavy Metals and Thermal Effects第116-117页
            5.3.2 Effect of Heavy Metals on Hsc70 expression in Gills第117-121页
                5.3.2.1 Cadmium Effect第117页
                5.3.2.2 Copper Effect第117-118页
                5.3.2.3 Zinc Effect第118-120页
                5.3.2.4 Combined Heavy Metals and Thermal Effect第120-121页
        5.4 Discussion第121-125页
Conclusions第125-129页
References第129-154页

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