| 摘要 | 第5-6页 |
| Abstract | 第6-7页 |
| 1. Introduction to Photocatalytic water Splitting and metal Oxides Hollow Spheres | 第11-31页 |
| 1.1. Introduction to photocatalytic water splitting | 第11-16页 |
| 1.1.1. Mechanism of Semiconductor Photocatalytic Water Splitting | 第12-14页 |
| 1.1.2. Photocatalyst structural modification and nanostructuring | 第14-16页 |
| 1.2. Introduction to Micro/Nano Inorganic Hollow Materials | 第16-18页 |
| 1.2.1. Design and Synthesis Approach to Hollow Spheres | 第17-18页 |
| 1.3. Layer by Layer assembly | 第18-26页 |
| 1.3.1. Hydrothermal method | 第19-20页 |
| 1.3.2. Hollow Spheres with mesoporous Shell (HSMS) | 第20-21页 |
| 1.3.3. Precipitation polymerization | 第21-22页 |
| 1.3.4. Core Shell Hollow structures | 第22-23页 |
| 1.3.5. Soft Templating Approach | 第23-25页 |
| 1.3.6. Template free method | 第25-26页 |
| 1.4. Limitations of the synthesis methods | 第26-27页 |
| 1.5.Carbonaceous microspheres as a hard template to produce multi-shelled hollow spheres | 第27-28页 |
| 1.6.Applications of inorganic hollow particles | 第28-29页 |
| 1.7. Aim of the work | 第29-31页 |
| 2. Carbonaceous Microspheres derived from Sucrose | 第31-39页 |
| 2.1. Introduction | 第31-32页 |
| 2.2. Experimental Setup for the formation of Carbonaceous Microsphere | 第32-34页 |
| 2.2.1. General recipe for the synthesis of the carbonaceous spheres | 第32-34页 |
| 2.3. Hydrothermal carbonization of sucrose | 第34-35页 |
| 2.4. Chemical properties of the carbonaceous spheres sample | 第35-36页 |
| 2.4.1. IR and NMR spectra | 第35-36页 |
| 2.5. The mechanism of the hydrothermal carbonization of polysaccharide | 第36-39页 |
| 3. Fe_2TiO_5-TiO_2 Multi-Shelled Hollow Spheres | 第39-61页 |
| 3.1 Introduction | 第40-42页 |
| 3.2. Experimental | 第42-44页 |
| 3.2.1. Experimental Section | 第42页 |
| 3.2.2. Preparation of multi-shelled Fe_2TiO_5:TiO_2 hetero-structural hollow microspheres | 第42-44页 |
| 3.3. XRD and Raman Analysis of as-synthesised wide range of hollow spheres morphologies | 第44-46页 |
| 3.4. TEM and SEM Analysis analysis of as-synthesis Multi-Shelled Fe_2TiO_5-TiO_2 composite Hollow Spheres | 第46-48页 |
| 3.5. Photocatalytic Charge Transfer Mechanism between Fe_2TiO_5 and TiO_2 composite hollow spheres | 第48-50页 |
| 3.6. Conduction and valence band evaluation of Fe_2TiO_5-TiO_2 CDSHS Hollow Spheres Composite | 第50-51页 |
| 3.7. Barnet Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm Fe_2TiO_5-TiO_2Multi-Shelled Hollow Spheres | 第51-53页 |
| 3.8. XPS analysis Fe_2TiO_5-TiO_2 CDSHS Hollow Spheres Composite | 第53-54页 |
| 3.9. Ultraviolet-Visible, Photoluminescence and Performance evolution of as-synthesised Multi-shelled Hollow Spheres morphologies | 第54-59页 |
| 3.10. Summary | 第59-61页 |
| 4. Spatially Separated Fe_2TiO_5-TiO_2 Yolk Shell Hollow Spheres | 第61-73页 |
| 4.1. Introduction | 第62-63页 |
| 4.2. Experimental | 第63-64页 |
| 4.2.1. Materials | 第63页 |
| 4.2.2 Preparation of Fe_2Ti0_5:TiO_2 hetero-structural yolk shell hollow microspheres | 第63-64页 |
| 4.3. Results and Discussion | 第64-66页 |
| 4.4. Formation Mechanism of Fe_2TiO-5-TiO_2 Yolk Shell morphology | 第66-71页 |
| 4.5. Conclusion | 第71-73页 |
| 5. Versatility of Carbonaceous Microspheres | 第73-83页 |
| 5.1. Introduction | 第74-76页 |
| 5.2. Experimental | 第76-78页 |
| 5.2.1. Materials | 第76-77页 |
| 5.2.2. Synthesis of multi-shelled hollow microspheres | 第77页 |
| 5.2.3. Synthesis of multi-shelled TiO_2 hollow spheres | 第77页 |
| 5.2.4. Synthesis of multi-shelled Fe_2O_3 hollow spheres | 第77页 |
| 5.2.5. Synthesis of multi-shelled Co_3_O_4 hollow spheres | 第77页 |
| 5.2.6. Synthesis of multi-shelled NiO hollow spheres | 第77页 |
| 5.2.7. Synthesis of Mn_2O_3 hollow spheres | 第77页 |
| 5.2.8. Synthesis of multi-shelled Fe_2TiO_5-TiO_2-Ag_2O hollow spheres | 第77-78页 |
| 5.3. Characterization of as-synthesised Multi-shelled hollow spheres | 第78-80页 |
| 5.3.1. Morphology and structure | 第78-79页 |
| 5.3.2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) | 第79-80页 |
| 5.4. Mixed metal oxides hollow spheres | 第80-81页 |
| 5.5. Conclusion | 第81-83页 |
| 6. Summary | 第83-87页 |
| References | 第87-103页 |
| 附件 | 第103-105页 |
| Abbreviations | 第105-107页 |
| Resume and Publications | 第107-109页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第109页 |
