| Acknowledgements | 第1-4页 |
| Abstract in Chinese | 第4-6页 |
| Abstract in English | 第6-11页 |
| 1 Introduction | 第11-19页 |
| ·The Two Main Schools of Edith Wharton's Critics | 第11-14页 |
| ·Introducing Sartrean Existentialism into Wharton Criticism | 第14-19页 |
| 2 The Freedom to Choose, or Not to Choose | 第19-38页 |
| ·To Define One's True Self | 第20-29页 |
| ·To choose by oneself and for oneself--Charity Royall in Summer | 第20-24页 |
| ·The reason for not to choose--Newland Archer in The Age of Innocence | 第24-29页 |
| ·The Final Attempt to Retain One's True Self-- Lily Bart and Ralph Marvell | 第29-38页 |
| 3 Hell is other people' | 第38-51页 |
| ·The 'Other' | 第38-45页 |
| ·The 'look' from the looked--May Welland in The Age of Innocence | 第39-41页 |
| ·From object to subject--Lawyer Royall in Summer | 第41-45页 |
| ·Hidden Conflict--Those Around Me | 第45-51页 |
| 4 Conclusion | 第51-54页 |
| Bibliography | 第54-56页 |
