| 摘要 | 第3-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-7页 |
| Chapter 1 Review | 第10-24页 |
| 1 Developmental stages and their characteristics of amphibian embryos | 第10-12页 |
| 2 Toxicity effects of fluoride during the development of embryos | 第12-15页 |
| 3 The function of deiodinases gene Dio2 and Dio3 during the embryogenisis | 第15-20页 |
| 3.1 Deiodinases and deiodination types | 第15-16页 |
| 3.2 The function of Dio2 during the development of embryos | 第16-18页 |
| 3.3 The function of Dio3 during the development of embryos | 第18-20页 |
| 4 The function of thyroid hormone receptors during the development of embryos | 第20-22页 |
| 5 The objective and significance | 第22-24页 |
| Chapt 2 Acute toxicity of fluoride in embryos of Bufo gargarizans | 第24-34页 |
| 1 Introduction | 第24页 |
| 2 Materials and methods | 第24-26页 |
| 2.1 Animal | 第24-25页 |
| 2.2 Materials | 第25页 |
| 2.3 Fluoride exposure experimental design | 第25页 |
| 2.4 Scanning electron microscopy observation | 第25-26页 |
| 2.5 Data analysis | 第26页 |
| 3 Result | 第26-31页 |
| 3.1 Effects of NaF on malformation and Mortality rate in B. gargarizans embryos | 第26-28页 |
| 3.2 Effects of NaF on morphological malformations in B. gargarizans embryos | 第28-31页 |
| 4 Discussion | 第31-34页 |
| Chapt 3 Chronic toxicity of fluoride in embryos of Bufo gargarizans | 第34-56页 |
| 1 Introduction | 第34-35页 |
| 2 Materials and methods | 第35-40页 |
| 2.1 Animal | 第35页 |
| 2.2 Materials | 第35-36页 |
| 2.3 Chronic fluoride exposure experimental design | 第36-37页 |
| 2.4 Determination of mRNA levels of Dio2, Dio3, TRa and TRβ | 第37-40页 |
| 2.5 Data analysis | 第40页 |
| 3 Results | 第40-51页 |
| 3.1 Effects of NaF on weight and total body length in B. gargarizans embryos | 第40-42页 |
| 3.2 Effects of NaF exposure on development of B. gargarizans embryos | 第42-45页 |
| 3.3 Effect of NaF on Dio2, Dio3, TRα and TRβ mRNA expression in B.gargarizans embryos | 第45-51页 |
| 4 Discussion | 第51-56页 |
| 4.1 Effect of NaF on growth and development in B.gargarizans embryos | 第51-53页 |
| 4.2 Effect of NaF on Dio2, Dio3, TRa and TRβ mRNAs expression in B. gargarizans embryos | 第53-56页 |
| Conclusion | 第56-58页 |
| Reference | 第58-68页 |
| 致谢 | 第68-70页 |
| 攻读硕士学位期间研究成果 | 第70页 |
