| 摘要 | 第6-7页 |
| Abstract | 第7页 |
| Preface of Thesis | 第14-15页 |
| Dedication | 第15-16页 |
| Abbreviation | 第16-18页 |
| CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION | 第18-34页 |
| 1.1 Background | 第20-23页 |
| 1.2 Statement of the Research Problem | 第23-28页 |
| 1.3 Research Aims | 第28-32页 |
| 1.3.1 Research Objectives | 第28页 |
| 1.3.2 Justification | 第28-30页 |
| 1.3.2.1 Academic Justification | 第28页 |
| 1.3.2.2 Policy Justification | 第28-30页 |
| 1.3.3 Research Questions and Hypotheses | 第30页 |
| 1.3.3.1 Research Questions | 第30页 |
| 1.3.3.2 Hypotheses | 第30页 |
| 1.3.4 Definition of Items and Organization of the Thesis | 第30-32页 |
| 1.3.4.1 Definition of Items | 第30-32页 |
| 1.3.4.2 Plan and Organization of the Thesis | 第32页 |
| 1.4 Conceptual Framework | 第32-34页 |
| CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW | 第34-52页 |
| 2.1 Importance of Agricultural Productivity in A gricul-ture Production | 第34页 |
| 2.2 Type and Sources of Productivity | 第34-37页 |
| 2.3 Studies on Determinants of Agricultural P roductivity in the world and Africa | 第37-42页 |
| 2.3.1 The studies of determinants affecting agricultural productivity in the World | 第37-39页 |
| 2.3.2 Agricultural Productivity Studies in Developing Countries | 第39-42页 |
| 2.3.2.1 Studies Outside of Africa | 第39-41页 |
| 2.3.2.2 Agricultural Productivity in Africa | 第41-42页 |
| 2.4 Theoretical Foundations of Agricultural Productivity and Technology | 第42-45页 |
| 2.4.1 Basic Concepts | 第42-44页 |
| 2.4.2 Categories of adopters and stages of adoption | 第44页 |
| 2.4.3 Model of agricultural technology adoption | 第44-45页 |
| 2.4.4 Risk link to input use in a new technology | 第45页 |
| 2.5 Empirical Literature on Constraints of Agricultural Technology in Developing Countries | 第45-48页 |
| 2.5.1 Diffusion of Input Use Research in Africa | 第46页 |
| 2.5.2 Linkage between Using Agricultural Technology and Agricultural Productivity | 第46-48页 |
| 2.5.3 Input Use Studies in Developing Countries | 第48页 |
| 2.6 Analytical Methods and Empirical model specific a-tion | 第48-52页 |
| CHAPTER 3 AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION IN TOGO | 第52-67页 |
| 3.1 Geographical Situation, Population and Climate Condition | 第52-55页 |
| 3.2 Agricultural Productivity and Population Growth | 第55页 |
| 3.3 Maize Productivity and Population Growth | 第55-56页 |
| 3.4 Land and Labor Productivity in Togo | 第56-61页 |
| 3.4.1 Land productivity | 第56-57页 |
| 3.4.2 Labor force and productivity in Togo | 第57-58页 |
| 3.4.3 Lack of labor | 第58-61页 |
| 3.4.4 Remuneration of agriculture activities | 第61页 |
| 3.5 Capital, fertilizers, credit market and productivity in Togo | 第61-64页 |
| 3.5.1 Fertilizers and productivity | 第61-63页 |
| 3.5.2 Capital and credit markets | 第63-64页 |
| 3.5.3 Theory of sharecropping | 第64页 |
| 3.6 Challenges of Togo in its policy to boost agriculture | 第64-67页 |
| CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY | 第67-77页 |
| 4.1 Sampling Procedure | 第67页 |
| 4.2 Sample techniques and study areas | 第67-71页 |
| 4.2.1 Sample Techniques | 第67-68页 |
| 4.2.2 The Study areas | 第68-69页 |
| 4.2.3 Source of data and data collection Procedures | 第69-71页 |
| 4.3 Data Analysis and model specification | 第71-77页 |
| 4.3.1 Descriptive Statistics | 第71页 |
| 4.3.2 Econometric Model Estimation Procedure | 第71-72页 |
| 4.3.3 Cobb-Douglas production function | 第72-73页 |
| 4.3.4 Probit model specification | 第73-74页 |
| 4.3.5 Variables definitions | 第74-77页 |
| CHAPTER 5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS | 第77-94页 |
| 5.1 Variables description results | 第77-78页 |
| 5.2 Demographic and Socio-economic characteristics | 第78-88页 |
| 5.2.1 Age, gender and education level of the households | 第78-80页 |
| 5.2.2 Household heads’ marital status and size of households | 第80页 |
| 5.2.3 Resources ownership | 第80-82页 |
| 5.2.4 Use of fertilizers, seeds, machines and erosion problem | 第82-86页 |
| 5.2.5 Application for new agricultural technology | 第86-88页 |
| 5.3 Results of Econometric Analysis | 第88-94页 |
| 5.3.1 Identification of inputs factors affected maize productivity | 第88-90页 |
| 5.3.2 Determinant of input use in maize production | 第90-92页 |
| 5.3.3 Analysis of determinants of agricultural labor and land productivity | 第92-94页 |
| CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS | 第94-99页 |
| 6.1 Problem of this Methodology and Limitation | 第95页 |
| 6.2 Recommendations and policy implication | 第95-97页 |
| 6.2.1 Household size | 第96页 |
| 6.2.2 Harvest areas and Farm Income | 第96-97页 |
| 6.2.3 Fertilizer, improving seed and education level | 第97页 |
| 6.2.4 Extension service | 第97页 |
| 6.3 Future perspectives directions | 第97-99页 |
| REFERENCES | 第99-110页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第110-111页 |
| AUTHOR RESUME | 第111-113页 |
| APPENDIX | 第113-125页 |
| A:Table of correlation test results | 第113-114页 |
| B- Questionnaire of Survey in Togo | 第114-123页 |
| C- Togolese’s agriculture overview | 第123-125页 |
