| 摘要 | 第8-9页 |
| Abstract | 第9-10页 |
| Abbreviations | 第20-21页 |
| Chapter Ⅰ Research Background and Significance | 第21-38页 |
| 1.1 The global context of environment pollution from agricultural sources | 第21-22页 |
| 1.2 China's livestock growth and the environmental challenges | 第22-23页 |
| 1.3 Common practice and challenges of manure treatment in China | 第23-26页 |
| 1.4 Why recover nutrients from anaerobic digestates? | 第26-27页 |
| 1.5 Review of digestate treatment and nutrient recovery methods | 第27-29页 |
| 1.6 Biochar as a novel adsorbent in wastewater treatment | 第29-31页 |
| 1.7 What advantages does biochar offer as a nutrient recovery approach? | 第31-32页 |
| 1.8 Biochar production technologies | 第32-34页 |
| 1.9 Biochar characterization techniques | 第34-35页 |
| 1.10 Research Objectives | 第35-38页 |
| Chapter Ⅱ: Recovery of Ammonium from Anaerobic Digestate onto Slow Pyrolysed Wood and Rice Husks Biochar | 第38-60页 |
| 2.1 Introduction | 第38-40页 |
| 2.2 Materials and methods | 第40-45页 |
| 2.2.1 Biochar characterization | 第40-41页 |
| 2.2.2 Digestate sampling and characterization | 第41页 |
| 2.2.3 Experimental setup for batch adsorption | 第41-43页 |
| 2.2.4 Adsorption data modelling | 第43-45页 |
| 2.3 Statistical analysis | 第45-46页 |
| 2.4 Results and discussion | 第46-59页 |
| 2.4.1 Biochar properties | 第46-48页 |
| 2.4.2 Amount of NH_4~+-adsorbed | 第48-50页 |
| 2.4.3 Effect of biochar dosage on amount of NH_4~+-adsorbed | 第50页 |
| 2.4.4 Effect of increasing NH_4~+-N concentration on biochar sorption capacity | 第50-51页 |
| 2.4.5 Effect of pH on amount of NH_4+~-N adsorbed | 第51-53页 |
| 2.4.6 Effect of particle size on amount of NH_4~+-N adsorbed | 第53页 |
| 2.4.7 Effect of contact time on amount of NH_4~+-N adsorbed | 第53页 |
| 2.4.8 Effect of temperature on amount of NH_4~+-N adsorbed | 第53-54页 |
| 2.4.9 Sorption isotherms | 第54-56页 |
| 2.4.10 Sorption kinetics | 第56-58页 |
| 2.4.11 Sorption thermodynamics | 第58-59页 |
| 2.5 Conclusions | 第59-60页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅲ: Optimization and Modelling of Ammonium Recovery from Anaerobic Digestate using Biochar-packed Continuous Down flow Columns | 第60-82页 |
| 3.1 Introduction | 第60-62页 |
| 3.2 Materials and methods | 第62-64页 |
| 3.2.1 Biochar materials | 第62页 |
| 3.2.2 Fixed bed adsorption column setup | 第62-63页 |
| 3.2.3 Column feeding and effluent sampling | 第63-64页 |
| 3.3 Modelling fixed bed adsorption | 第64-66页 |
| 3.3.1 Thomas Model | 第64-65页 |
| 3.3.2 Yoon-Nelson model | 第65页 |
| 3.3.3 Adam-Bohart model | 第65-66页 |
| 3.4 Estimation of parameters for column design scale up | 第66-67页 |
| 3.5 Statistical analysis | 第67页 |
| 3.6 Results and discussion | 第67-81页 |
| 3.6.1 omparison of NH_4~+-N sorption performance | 第67-70页 |
| 3.6.2 Effect of flow rate on adsorption performance | 第70-71页 |
| 3.6.3 Effect of initial ammonium concentration | 第71-72页 |
| 3.6.4 Modelling NH_4~+-N breakthrough | 第72-77页 |
| 3.6.5 Mass Transfer Zone dynamics in the biochar bed | 第77-79页 |
| 3.6.6 Comparison of NH_4~+-N sorption capacity with other adsorbents | 第79-81页 |
| 3.7 Conclusions | 第81-82页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅳ: Phosphate Recovery from Anaerobic Digestate onto Slow Pyrolysed Biochars: Dynamics of Absorption, Desorption and Regeneration | 第82-106页 |
| 4.1 Introduction | 第82-84页 |
| 4.2 Materials and methods | 第84-86页 |
| 4.2.1 Anaerobic digestate sampling and composition | 第84页 |
| 4.2.2 Biochar preparation and characterization | 第84-85页 |
| 4.2.3 Phosphate sorption and desorption experiments | 第85-86页 |
| 4.2.4 Biochar regeneration | 第86页 |
| 4.3 Modelling P Sorption | 第86-87页 |
| 4.4 Statistical analysis | 第87页 |
| 4.5 Results and discussion | 第87-104页 |
| 4.5.1 Biochar characteristics | 第87-89页 |
| 4.5.2 Comparisons of the phosphorus adsorbed | 第89-90页 |
| 4.5.3 Effect of contact time on amount of phosphorus adsorbed | 第90-91页 |
| 4.5.4 Sorption isotherms | 第91-94页 |
| 4.5.5 Sorption kinetics | 第94-97页 |
| 4.5.6 Sorption thermodynamics | 第97-100页 |
| 4.5.7 Biochar regeneration potential | 第100页 |
| 4.5.8 Phosphate desorption | 第100-104页 |
| 4.6 Conclusions | 第104-106页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅴ:Potential Recovery of N and P from Anaerobic Digestate in Biochar-packed Vertical Flow Columns: Role of Media and Tidal Operation | 第106-123页 |
| 5.1 Introduction | 第106-108页 |
| 5.2 Materials and methods | 第108-111页 |
| 5.2.1 Biochar and gravel characterisation | 第108页 |
| 5.2.2 Design and operation of columns | 第108-110页 |
| 5.2.3 Influent and effluent water analysis | 第110页 |
| 5.2.4 Media adsorption test | 第110-111页 |
| 5.2.5 Microbial community analysis | 第111页 |
| 5.3 Statistical analysis | 第111-112页 |
| 5.4 Results and discussion | 第112-122页 |
| 5.4.1 Biochar and gravel characteristics | 第112-113页 |
| 5.4.2 Water quality and nutrient recovery performance of VFCWs | 第113-116页 |
| 5.4.3 Digestate treatment and nutrient recovery performance patterns CWs | 第116-118页 |
| 5.4.4 NH_4~+-N and PO_4~(3-) P recovery mechanisms | 第118-119页 |
| 5.4.5 Microbial community analysis | 第119-122页 |
| 5.5 Conclusions | 第122-123页 |
| CHAPTER VI: Short-term Effects on Soil and Corn (Zea Mays) growth after amendment with Biochar enriched with Digestate Nutrients | 第123-141页 |
| 6.1 Introduction | 第123-124页 |
| 6.2 Materials and methods | 第124-129页 |
| 6.2.1 Biochar sources and their characterization | 第124-126页 |
| 6.2.2 Biochar nutrient saturation | 第126-127页 |
| 6.2.3 Soil incubation experiments | 第127页 |
| 6.2.4 Soil samples analysis | 第127-128页 |
| 6.2.5 Potted plants experiments | 第128-129页 |
| 6.3 Statistical analysis | 第129-130页 |
| 6.4 Results and discussion | 第130-140页 |
| 6.4.1 Biochar and soil properties | 第130-131页 |
| 6.4.2 Effect of drying on the adsorbed nutrients onto biochar | 第131-132页 |
| 6.4.3 Effects of biochar amendments on soil pH, EC and ORP | 第132-133页 |
| 6.4.4 Effect of Biochar amendment on soil total organic carbon and nutrients | 第133-135页 |
| 6.4.5 Effect of biochar amendment on soil P mineralization | 第135-137页 |
| 6.4.6 N mineralization due to the different biochar treatments | 第137-138页 |
| 6.4.7 Influence of biochar amendment on Corn (Zea Mays) biomass yield | 第138-140页 |
| 6.5 Conclusion | 第140-141页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅶ: Conclusions and Recommendations | 第141-144页 |
| 6.1 Conclusions | 第141-142页 |
| 6.2 Recommendations for future research | 第142-143页 |
| 6.3 Novelty and practical implications | 第143-144页 |
| References | 第144-156页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第156-157页 |
| Resume | 第157-158页 |
