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日粮中添加金针菇培养基对断奶仔猪的生长性能、免疫和肠道菌群的影响

摘要第5-6页
ABSTRACT第6-7页
ABBREVIATIONS第14-16页
CHAPTER ONE第16-23页
    1.0 INTRODUCTION第16页
    1.1 Background第16-18页
    1.2 Problem Statement第18-20页
    1.3 Justifications and Significance第20-21页
    1.4 Hypotheses第21页
    1.5 Study objectives第21-22页
    1.6 Structure of the study第22-23页
CHAPTER TWO第23-38页
    2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW第23页
    2.1 The pigs第23页
    2.2 Weaning第23-24页
        2.2.1 Consequences of Weaning第23-24页
    2.3 Physiological and metabolic changes of the GIT around weaning第24-26页
        2.3.1 The stomach第24页
        2.3.2 Small intestine第24-26页
            ⅰ. Intestinal morphology第24-25页
            ⅱ. Digestive functions第25-26页
    2.4 Background on Flammulina velutipes第26-29页
        2.4.1 Specific location of F. velutipes mushroom cultivation in China第27-28页
        2.4.2 Usage of Flammulina velutipes mushroom in Nutrition第28-29页
    2.5 The risk of Consuming Flammulina velutipe第29-30页
    2.6 General use of mushrooms in Livestock nutrition as feeds第30页
    2.7 Biological active compounds of the mushrooms第30-32页
        2.7.1 Immunomodulatory and antitumor effects of Flammulina velutipes cultural-medium第31-32页
        2.7.2 Antioxidants mechanisms第32页
        2.7.3 Antimicrobial activities第32页
    2.8 Roles of β-glucans on immune system and digestive system第32-34页
        2.8.1 Effects of β-glucans on innate immune system第32-33页
        2.8.2 Effects of β-glucans on adaptive immune system第33-34页
    2.9 Effects of Edible mushrooms on growth performance第34-38页
        2.9.1 Effects of β-glucans found in the mushrooms on pig immunity第35-36页
        2.9.2 Role of edible mushroom β-glucans as immune stress alleviators in weaned piglets第36页
        2.9.3 Activation effects of F. velutipes cultural-medium on the Immune Function第36页
        2.9.4 Activation effects of β-glucans on growth performance of weaned piglets第36-38页
CHAPTER THREE第38-54页
    3.0 METHODOLOGY第38页
    3.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS第38-41页
        3.1.1 Study site第38页
        3.1.2 Preparation of the houses第38-39页
        3.1.3 Preparations of Flammulina velutipes第39页
        3.1.4 Experimental design第39-40页
        3.1.5 Animal behavior and performance monitoring第40-41页
    3.2 DATA COLLECTION第41-48页
        3.2.1 Fecal collection第41页
        3.2.2 Chemical analysis of feeds and feces第41-42页
        3.2.3 Dry matter第42-43页
        3.2.4 Crude Protein第43-45页
        3.2.5 Ether Extract/ Crude lipids第45-46页
        3.2.6 Gross energy第46-48页
        3.2.7 Ash第48页
    3.3 Digestibility Determination第48-49页
    3.4 Harvesting of animals第49-53页
    3.5 Statistical analysis第53-54页
CHAPTER FOUR第54-70页
    4.1 RESULTS第54-59页
        4.1.1 Growth performance第54-55页
        4.1.2 Nutrient digestibility第55页
        4.1.3 SCFA activities and productions第55-56页
        4.1.4 Cecal p H and Spleen Weight (g)第56-59页
    4.2 RESULTS METAGENOMIC第59-70页
        4.2.1 Effects of dietary supplement of FVCM on ileal microbiota diversity and composition第61-62页
        4.2.2 Effects of dietary supplements of F .velutipes mycelium on cecal microbiota第62-70页
CHAPTER FIVE第70-83页
    5.0 DISCUSSIONS第70页
    5.1 Growth Performance第70-71页
    5.2 Nutrients digestibility第71-73页
    5.3 Small Chain Fatty Acids第73-75页
    5.4 IMMUNITY第75-76页
    5.5 METAGENOMIC第76-83页
CONCLUSION第83-85页
RECOMMENDATIONS第85-86页
REFERENCES第86-101页
APPENDICES第101-103页
DEDICATION第103-104页
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT第104页

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