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Enzymatic Biocatalysis of Bamboo Chemical Constituents to Impart Anti-Fungal Properties

List of abbreviations第7-8页
Abstract第8-9页
摘要第10-12页
CHAPTER ONE Research background第12-61页
    1.1 Aim of the study第15-16页
    1.2 Literature review第16-17页
        1.2.1 Bamboo resource distribution in the world第16页
        1.2.2 Bamboo as a plant plays important roles in the world第16-17页
    1.3 Key macromolecular constituents of bamboo第17-19页
        1.3.1 Cellulose第17页
        1.3.2 Hemicelluloses第17-18页
        1.3.3 Lignin第18页
        1.3.4 Parenchyma tissues of bamboos第18-19页
    1.4 Uses of bamboo第19页
    1.5 Fungi第19-24页
        1.5.1 Bamboo fungi第21-22页
        1.5.2 Bamboo fungal biodegradation第22-23页
        1.5.3 Bamboo decay process第23-24页
    1.6 Bamboo biodegradation studies第24-27页
        1.6.1 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)第25页
        1.6.2 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)第25页
        1.6.3 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)第25页
        1.6.4 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)第25-26页
        1.6.5 Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)第26页
        1.6.6 Ultraviolet microspectrophotometry (UMSP)第26-27页
    1.7 Bamboo preservation第27-30页
        1.7.1 Chemical protection第28-29页
        1.7.2 Use of laccase enzymes第29页
        1.7.3 Structure of fungal laccases第29-30页
    1.8 Bamboo preservation第30-31页
        1.8.1 Harvesting time第30页
        1.8.2 Leaching with water第30-31页
        1.8.3 Smoke treatment第31页
    1.9 Plant-based extract bamboo preservatives第31-32页
    1.10 Ecological chemical treatments第32-35页
    1.11 References第35-61页
CHAPTER TWO Protection of bamboo against mold fungi by laccase catalyzed oxidation ofpotassium iodide第61-72页
    2.2 Introduction第61-62页
    2.3 Materials and methods第62-64页
        2.3.1 Bamboo blocks第62-63页
        2.3.2 Chemical reagents第63页
        2.3.3 Fungi species第63页
        2.3.4 Culture medium第63-64页
    2.4 Test method第64-66页
        2.4.1 Laccase activity test第64页
        2.4.2 Specimen processing第64-65页
        2.4.3 Mold-resistance test第65-66页
    2.5 Results and analysis第66-68页
        2.5.1 The indoor activity of mold第66-68页
    2.6 Summary第68-70页
    2.7 References第70-72页
CHAPTER THREE Enzymatic bio catalysis of bamboo chemical constituents to impart anti-mold properties第72-93页
    3.2 Introduction第73-75页
    3.3 Materials and methods第75页
        3.3.1 Bamboo blocks第75页
        3.3.2 Reagents第75页
        3.3.3 Fungal species第75页
        3.3.4 Culture conditions第75页
    3.4 Impregnation and leaching of test blocks第75-76页
    3.5 Extraction of bamboo chemical constituents第76-77页
        3.5.1 Treatment of bamboo powder and chemical constitutes第77页
    3.6 Mold tests and characterization第77-78页
    3.7 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)第78-79页
    3.8 Results and discussion第79-88页
        3.8.1 Fixation of iodine in bamboo blocks第79页
        3.8.2 Mold resistances of bamboo treated with laccase catalyzed potassium iodide第79-81页
        3.8.3 FTIR analyses第81-84页
        3.8.4 XPS analysis results of the samples第84-88页
    3.9 Summary第88-90页
    3.10 References第90-93页
CHAPTER FOUR Laccase-enzymatic modification of bamboo to provide anti-decay fungalsurfaces第93-124页
    4.2 Introduction第93-95页
    4.3 Materials and methods第95-99页
        4.3.1 Materials第95-96页
        4.3.2 Methods第96-99页
        4.3.3 Leaching test procedure第99页
        4.3.4 Inoculation and cultivation第99页
    4.4 FTIR analysis第99-100页
    4.5 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)第100页
    4.6 Results and Discussion第100-114页
        4.6.1 Weight loss第100页
        4.6.2 Trametes versicolor第100-101页
        4.6.3 Gloeophyllum trabeum第101-103页
        4.6.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis第103-114页
    4.7 FTIR analyses第114-117页
    4.8 Summary第117-118页
    4.9 References第118-124页
CHAPTER FIVE Effect of ultraviolet irradiation on anti-fungal properties oflaccase bio catalyzed bamboo第124-145页
    5.2 Introduction第124-126页
    5.3 Materials and methods第126-127页
        5.3.1 Test blocks第126页
        5.3.2 Chemicals and reagents第126-127页
        5.3.3 Fungal strain species第127页
        5.3.4 Culture medium第127页
    5.4 Block treatments, leaching tests and UV-irradiation第127-128页
    5.5 Mold resistance第128页
    5.6 Standard decay fungi resistance soil-block test method for bamboo ASTM D 1413 – 99第128-130页
        5.6.1 Preparation of Soil Culture Bottles第128页
        5.6.2 Preparation and impregnation of test blocks第128-129页
        5.6.3 Test blocks after Ultraviolet irradiation第129页
        5.6.4 Test on color change第129-130页
    5.7 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses第130-131页
    5.8 Results and discussion第131-139页
        5.8.1 Mold tests第131-132页
        5.8.2 Decay resistance test第132-133页
        5.8.3 Ultraviolet resistance study第133-135页
        5.8.4 FTIR analysis第135-139页
    5.9 Summary第139-140页
    5.10 References第140-145页
CHAPTER SIX Conclusions第145-147页
List of publications第147-148页
Acknowledgements第148页

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