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Positron Annihilation Study of Free Volume Holes in Polymeric Membranes and Confirmation by Atomic Force Microscopy

Abstract第3-4页
Abstract in Chinese第4-8页
Acknowledgements第8-10页
Contents第10-12页
Chapter 1 General Introduction第12-16页
    1.1 References第15-16页
Chapter 2 Positronium Formation and Annihilation第16-30页
    2.1 Introduction第16页
    2.2 Positron and Positronium第16-21页
        2.2.1 Spur model of positronium formation第20页
        2.2.2 Ore model of positron formation第20-21页
        2.2.3 Free volume model of positron formation第21页
    2.3 Annihilation第21-22页
    2.4 Experimental Techniques of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy第22-28页
        2.4.1 Positron Lifetime measurements (PAL)第23-28页
        2.4.2 Other methods of annihilation monitoring第28页
    2.5 References第28-30页
Chapter 3 Free volume Theory and Determination of Free Volumes第30-50页
    3.1 Introduction第30-31页
    3.2 Free volume Theory第31-33页
    3.3 Positron, Positronium and Annihilation第33-38页
    3.4 Free volume annihilation rate of Standard model第38-41页
    3.5 Experiments and simulation第41-45页
        3.5.1 Data analysis第42-44页
        3.5.2 Determinations of free volume distributions第44-45页
    3.6 Fractional free volume (FFV)第45-47页
    3.7 Applications第47页
    3.8 References第47-50页
Chapter 4 Positron Annihilation Studies in Polymers第50-70页
    4.1 Polymer第50-51页
    4.2 Engineering Resins第51-54页
        4.2.1 Poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO)第52页
        4.2.2 Polyethersulfone (PES)第52-53页
        4.2.3 Polyetherketone (PEK)第53-54页
    4.3 SPPO membrane doped with LiCl第54-64页
        4.3.1 Introduction第54-56页
        4.3.2 Materials and preparation of membranes第56-57页
        4.3.3 Positron Annihilation Lifetime (PAL) measurement第57-59页
        4.3.4 Results and discussion第59-61页
        4.3.5 Conclusions第61-64页
    4.4 Comparison of the free volume of LiCl doped SPPO membrane and SPPO-PES blend membrane第64-69页
        4.4.1 Introduction第64页
        4.4.2 Membranes preparation第64-66页
        4.4.3 Results and discussion第66-67页
        4.4.4 Conclusions第67-69页
    4.5 References第69-70页
Chapter 5 AFM and PAL Study of SPEK-C membranes第70-88页
    5.1 Atomic Force Microscopy第70-75页
        5.1.1 Introduction第70-72页
        5.1.2 Measuring Forces第72-73页
        5.1.3 AFM Modes of operation第73-74页
        5.1.4 Applications第74-75页
    5.2 Experimental第75-77页
        5.2.1 Materials第75-76页
        5.2.2 Sulfonation of PEK-C and Membrane preparation第76-77页
    5.3 AFM analysis第77页
    5.4 Results and discussion第77-85页
        5.4.1 PAL measurements第77-78页
        5.4.2 Membrane characterization by AFM第78-85页
    5.5 Correlation of PALS and AFM第85-86页
    5.6 Conclusion第86-87页
    5.7 References第87-88页
Chapter 6 Study of a novel positively charged asymmetry membrane from poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) by benzyl bromination第88-98页
    6.1 Introduction第88-89页
    6.2 Bromination and membrane preparation第89-91页
    6.3 AFM measurement第91页
    6.4 Results and discussion第91-96页
    6.5 Conclusion第96-97页
    6.6 References第97-98页
Chapter 7 Final Remarks and Future Considerations第98-102页
Appendix A第102-105页
Appendix B第105-106页
Appendix C第106-107页

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