| ABSTRACT | 第9-11页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第11-14页 |
| ABBREVIATIONS | 第14-20页 |
| CHAPTER ONE General Introduction | 第20-38页 |
| 1.1 Research background | 第20-22页 |
| 1.2 Literature review | 第22-33页 |
| 1.2.1 Ontario swine manure production | 第22页 |
| 1.2.2 Manure handling and disposing | 第22-23页 |
| 1.2.3 Content of N and P in swine manure | 第23-24页 |
| 1.2.4 Manure application | 第24-25页 |
| 1.2.5 Manure addition and the transformation of P in soil | 第25-27页 |
| 1.2.6 Crop Responses and P source coefficient (PSC) | 第27-28页 |
| 1.2.7 Soil P test | 第28-30页 |
| 1.2.8 Manure P mobility and potential P loss | 第30-32页 |
| 1.2.9 Nutrient management act and adoption of BMPs | 第32-33页 |
| 1.3 Research objectives of the Study | 第33-34页 |
| 1.4 Structure of Dissertation | 第34-38页 |
| CHAPTER TWO Responses of Crop Yields and Phosphorus Uptake to Phosphorus-based Application ofVarious Forms of Swine Manure under Long-term Corn-soybean Rotation | 第38-64页 |
| 2.1 Abstract | 第38页 |
| 2.2 Introduction | 第38-41页 |
| 2.3 Materials and Methods | 第41-44页 |
| 2.3.1 Experimental site and design | 第41-42页 |
| 2.3.2 Manure and plant sampling and analysis | 第42-43页 |
| 2.3.3 Calculation of phosphorus agronomic efficiency | 第43-44页 |
| 2.3.4 Statistical analysis | 第44页 |
| 2.4 Results | 第44-47页 |
| 2.4.1 Grain yield | 第44-45页 |
| 2.4.2 Total P uptake and grain P removal | 第45-46页 |
| 2.4.3 Partial factor productivity of applied P(PFP_P) | 第46页 |
| 2.4.4 Cumulative phosphorus agronomic efficiency (CPAE) | 第46-47页 |
| 2.5 Discussion | 第47-53页 |
| 2.5.1 Phosphorus effect on grain yield and the P uptake | 第47-50页 |
| 2.5.2 The effect of climate and residue N from soybean | 第50-51页 |
| 2.5.3 Phosphorus efficiency | 第51-53页 |
| 2.6 Conclusions | 第53-64页 |
| CHAPTER THREE Cumulative Contributions of various Forms of Swine Manure to Soil Test Phosphorus underLong-Term Corn-Soybean Rotation | 第64-82页 |
| 3.1 Abstract | 第64-65页 |
| 3.2 Introduction | 第65-67页 |
| 3.3 Materials and methods | 第67-69页 |
| 3.3.1 Experimental site and design | 第67页 |
| 3.3.2 Manure Sampling and Analysis | 第67-68页 |
| 3.3.3 Soil Sampling and Analysis | 第68页 |
| 3.3.4 Phosphorus Source Coefficients | 第68-69页 |
| 3.3.5 Statistical Analysis | 第69页 |
| 3.4 Results | 第69-71页 |
| 3.4.1 Post-Harvest Olsen-P content in Soil Profile | 第69页 |
| 3.4.2 Changes in STP over P addition | 第69-70页 |
| 3.4.3 Manure-P source coefficients | 第70-71页 |
| 3.5 Discussions | 第71-74页 |
| 3.5.1 The Olsen P distribution in soil profile | 第71页 |
| 3.5.2 Effect of P source on STP during crop production | 第71-73页 |
| 3.5.3 Relationship between the total P and net P addition | 第73-74页 |
| 3.5.4 Phosphorus source coefficient | 第74页 |
| 3.6 Conclusions | 第74-82页 |
| CHAPTER FOUR Changes of soil Phosphorus fractions with P-based application of swine manures underlong-term corn-soybean rotation | 第82-101页 |
| 4.1 Abstract | 第82-83页 |
| 4.2 Introduction | 第83-85页 |
| 4.3 Materials and methods | 第85-87页 |
| 4.3.1 Experimental site and design | 第85-86页 |
| 4.3.2 Manure Sampling and Analysis | 第86页 |
| 4.3.3 Soil Sampling and P Fractionation | 第86-87页 |
| 4.3.4 Statistical Analysis and calculation of P source coefficients (PSC) | 第87页 |
| 4.4 Result and Discussion | 第87-92页 |
| 4.4.1 Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions | 第87-90页 |
| 4.4.2 Soil organic Phosphorus Fractions | 第90页 |
| 4.4.3 Phosphorus availabilty coefficient (PAC) | 第90-92页 |
| 4.5 Conclusions | 第92-101页 |
| CHAPTER FIVE Conclusions, Recommendations, and Future Studies | 第101-104页 |
| Overview | 第101页 |
| 5.1 Conclusions | 第101-102页 |
| 5.2 Recommendations for Future Studies | 第102-104页 |
| CHAPTER SIX Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation and Phosphorous Addition on MaizePhotosynthesis and Growth in a Reclaimed Soil of Mining Area | 第104-120页 |
| 6.1 Introduction | 第104-105页 |
| 6.2 Materials and methods | 第105-107页 |
| 6.2.1 Soil collection | 第106页 |
| 6.2.2 Greenhouse experiment | 第106-107页 |
| 6.2.3 Measurements | 第107页 |
| 6.2.4 Statistical analysis | 第107页 |
| 6.3 Results | 第107-109页 |
| 6.3.1 AMF colonization and phosphorus concentration of maize shoot and root | 第107-108页 |
| 6.3.2 Photosynthetic characters | 第108页 |
| 6.3.3 Water use efficiency | 第108页 |
| 6.3.4 Maize growth parameters | 第108-109页 |
| 6.3.5 Phosphorus use efficiency | 第109页 |
| 6.4 Discussion | 第109-120页 |
| REFERENCES | 第120-139页 |
| APPENDIX | 第139-141页 |
| Research Achievements during Joint Ph.D. Program | 第141-142页 |
| Other Science Related Publications during Ph.D. Period | 第142-143页 |
| 附件 | 第143-145页 |
