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微纳米侧壁结构原子力显微镜扫描成像方法与系统的研究

摘要第4-6页
Abstract第6-7页
Chapter 1 Introduction第11-34页
    1.1 Significance of the study第11-13页
    1.2 Background第13-15页
    1.3 Imaging techniques of micro and nano sidewall structures第15-17页
        1.3.1 CD scanning electron microscope (CD-SEM)第15-16页
        1.3.2 Optical Scatterometry (OCD)第16页
        1.3.3 CD small angle X-ray scatterometry (CD-SAXS)第16-17页
        1.3.4 Atomic force microscope第17页
    1.4 AFM imaging of micro and nano sidewall structures第17-30页
        1.4.1 Limitation of the conventional AFM in sidewall scanning第17-18页
        1.4.2 Tip-sample interaction and feedback control第18-21页
        1.4.3 AFM methods for imaging of micro and nano sidewall structures第21-30页
    1.5 Measurement uncertainty and its sources第30-31页
    1.6 Objective第31-32页
    1.7 Thesis contents第32-34页
Chapter 2 Sidewall imaging with the tilt-scanning method第34-55页
    2.1 Introduction第34页
    2.2 Principle of the tilt-scanning method第34-35页
    2.3 Optical fiber probe第35-36页
    2.4 Deep trench imaging capability of the OFP第36-39页
    2.5 Sidewall imaging with the tilted OFP第39-44页
        2.5.1 Rotatory holders for the OFP第40-41页
        2.5.2 Amplitude calibration of the tilted OFP第41-42页
        2.5.3 Automatic switch control for tilt-scanning第42-44页
    2.6 Experimental Setup第44-48页
        2.6.1 Instrumentation第44-45页
        2.6.2 Nanonis dual-OC4 base package第45-46页
        2.6.3 Software第46页
        2.6.4 Amplitude modulation mode of the AFM第46-48页
    2.7 Results and discussion第48-53页
        2.7.1 Effect of tilt angle on the scanning resolution第48-49页
        2.7.2 Micro-structure sidewall imaging第49-50页
        2.7.3 Nano-structure sidewall imaging with the switch control scheme第50-53页
    2.8 Summary第53-55页
Chapter 3 Sidewall imaging with a quartz tuning fork force sensor第55-89页
    3.1 Introduction第55页
    3.2 Quartz tuning fork force sensor第55-56页
    3.3 Fabrication of the light-weight tungsten tips第56-62页
    3.4 Preparation of QTF force sensor第62-71页
        3.4.1 QTF sensor preparation with tungsten tip第63-65页
        3.4.2 QTF sensor preparation with commercial AFM tip第65-66页
        3.4.3 Mass re-balancing and Q-factor improvement第66-70页
        3.4.4 Design of the QTF sensor holder第70-71页
    3.5 Amplitude calibration of the QTF sensor第71-77页
        3.5.1 Calibration method第72-75页
        3.5.2 Calibration results第75-77页
    3.6 Orthogonal sidewall scanning scheme with the QTF sensor第77-81页
        3.6.1 Frequency modulation (FM) mode of the QTF sensor第78-80页
        3.6.2 Scanning protocol第80-81页
    3.7 Experimental results and discussions第81-87页
        3.7.1 Top-down scanning第81-82页
        3.7.2 Sidewall scanning第82-87页
    3.8 Summary第87-89页
Chapter 4 AFM dual-probe caliper for imaging adjacent sidewalls第89-102页
    4.1 Introduction第89页
    4.2 Challenges in the imaging of the adjacent sidewalls第89-90页
    4.3 Atomic force microscopy dual-probe caliper第90-94页
        4.3.1 System design of the AFM caliper第90-91页
        4.3.2 Working principle of the AFM caliper第91-94页
    4.4 Results and discussions第94-101页
        4.4.1 Imaging of a microcomb structure adjacent sidewalls第94-97页
        4.4.2 Adjacent sidewalls imaging of the AFM calibration grating第97-101页
    4.5 Summary第101-102页
Chapter 5 Three-dimensional AFM imaging of sidewall structures第102-121页
    5.1 Introduction第102页
    5.2 Principle of 3D-AFM imaging with controllable scan density第102-104页
    5.3 Vector probing scanning scheme第104-106页
    5.4 Vector angle prediction with the B-Spline fit第106-108页
    5.5 True three-dimensional atomic force microscope第108-113页
        5.5.1 Coordination between scanner I and scanner II第108-109页
        5.5.2 Amplitude compensation of the OFP with lateral offset第109-110页
        5.5.3 Protocol for 3D image scanning第110-112页
        5.5.4 Vector angle prediction during 3D image scanning第112-113页
    5.6 Results and discussions第113-120页
        5.6.1 Controllable scanning density with the VPS scheme第113-114页
        5.6.2 3D imaging of the AFM calibration grating第114-116页
        5.6.3 3D imaging of the micro-comb structure第116-120页
    5.7 Summary第120-121页
Conclusion第121-124页
结论第124-126页
References第126-141页
Papers published in the period of PHD study第141-144页
Acknowledgements第144-145页
Resume第145页

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