| 摘要 | 第1-11页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第11-4页 |
| LIST OF FIGURES | 第4-19页 |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW | 第19-73页 |
| Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION | 第19-21页 |
| Ⅱ. LITERATURE REVIEW | 第21-71页 |
| 1. PHYSICAL PARAMETERS | 第21-33页 |
| ·The highest quality soils | 第21-22页 |
| ·Soil structure and management | 第22-30页 |
| ·Soil structure | 第23-24页 |
| ·Basic concepts of aggregation | 第24页 |
| ·Mechanisms of aggregation | 第24-25页 |
| ·Aggregate dynamics and turnover | 第25-26页 |
| ·Pedogenic processes | 第26页 |
| ·Soil structure and plant growth | 第26-27页 |
| ·Climate and exogenous factors | 第27-30页 |
| ·Climate | 第27-28页 |
| ·Soil properties | 第28-30页 |
| ·Soil types | 第28-29页 |
| ·Texture | 第29-30页 |
| ·Porosity | 第30页 |
| ·Soil water | 第30页 |
| ·Management for enhancing soil structure | 第30-33页 |
| ·Soil management | 第30-33页 |
| ·Tillage | 第31页 |
| ·Mulching and residue management | 第31页 |
| ·Manuring | 第31-32页 |
| ·Compost | 第32页 |
| ·Fertilizer and nutrients | 第32-33页 |
| 2. BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS | 第33-60页 |
| ·Biochemical soil properties as quality indicators: why and which? | 第33-47页 |
| ·The different ways of using biochemical pro-perties as indicators of soil quality | 第35-47页 |
| ·Individual properties | 第36-40页 |
| ·Simple indexes | 第40-43页 |
| ·Complex indexes | 第43-47页 |
| ·Microbiological parameters | 第47-50页 |
| ·Soil microbial-based indicator | 第50-56页 |
| ·Biotic influences | 第56-59页 |
| ·Plants | 第56-58页 |
| ·Plant species | 第57页 |
| ·Roots | 第57-58页 |
| ·Microorganisms | 第58-59页 |
| ·Microbial activity | 第58-59页 |
| ·Fungi,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) and glomalin | 第59页 |
| ·Environmental impacts of soil structure | 第59-60页 |
| ·High atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and soiI structure | 第59-60页 |
| 3. CHEMICAL PARAMETERS | 第60-71页 |
| ·Soil fertility evaluation | 第60-62页 |
| ·Soil pH | 第62-63页 |
| ·Cation exchange capacity(CEC) | 第63页 |
| ·Agents of aggregation | 第63-69页 |
| ·Carbon | 第63-69页 |
| ·Soil inorganic carbon | 第63-64页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon | 第64-65页 |
| ·Clay and clay mineralogy | 第65-67页 |
| ·Cations | 第67页 |
| ·Calcium and magnesium | 第67页 |
| ·Iron and aluminum | 第67-68页 |
| ·Phosphorus | 第68页 |
| ·Sodium | 第68-69页 |
| ·Rubber(Hevea brasiliensis) | 第69-71页 |
| ·Impact of effectiVe soil volume on growth and yield of Hevea brasiliensis | 第69-70页 |
| ·Nutrients condition in the rhizosphere of rubber tree | 第70-71页 |
| CONCLUSIONS | 第71-73页 |
| CHAPTER 2.MATERIAL AND METHODS | 第73-81页 |
| 1. COMPOSITIONN OF HUMIC ACIDS | 第73-75页 |
| ·Experimental site | 第73页 |
| ·Extraction of the humic acids | 第73-74页 |
| ·Analysis | 第74-75页 |
| 2. MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON/NITROGEN | 第75-76页 |
| ·Soil sampling | 第75页 |
| ·SoiI physicochemical properties analyses | 第75页 |
| ·Extraction of microbial biomass in soil | 第75-76页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第76页 |
| 3. COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF FUNGI AND BACTERIA COUNTS | 第76-81页 |
| ·Soil sampling | 第76-77页 |
| ·Physical fractionation of the soil | 第77页 |
| ·Ergosterol content | 第77-78页 |
| ·Suhstrate-induced respiration(SIR) | 第78页 |
| ·Chemical analysis | 第78-79页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第79-81页 |
| CHAPTER 3 RESULTS | 第81-99页 |
| 1. THE EFFECT OF TIME ON ORGANIC MATTER DISTRIBUTION | 第81-82页 |
| 2. THE EFFECT OF DISTANCE AWAY FROM THE FERTIZER PIT ON ORGANIC MATTER DISTRIBUTION | 第82-86页 |
| 3. SOIL PROFILE EFFECT ON ORGANIC MATTER DISTRIBUTION | 第86-90页 |
| 4. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON ACTINOMY-CES POPULATION COUNTS | 第90-91页 |
| 5. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON SOIL FUNGI | 第91-92页 |
| 6. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERNT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON BACTERIA COUNTS | 第92-93页 |
| 7. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON MICRO-BIAL BIOMASS CARBON | 第93-94页 |
| 8. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON MICRO-BIAL BIOMASS NITROGEN | 第94-95页 |
| 9. THE EFFECT OF SOIL FERTILITY ON SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS C & N | 第95-96页 |
| 10. THE EFFECT OF SOIL FERTILITY ON SOIL BACTERIA, FUNGI AND ACTINOMYCES COUNTS | 第96-99页 |
| CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSIONS | 第99-107页 |
| 1. THE EFFECT OF TIME ON ORGANIC MATTER DISTRIBUTION | 第99页 |
| 2. THE IMPACT OF DISTANCE ON ORGANIC MATTER DISTRIBUTION | 第99-100页 |
| 3. SOIL PROFILE EFFECT ON ORGANIC MATTER DISTRIBUTION | 第100-101页 |
| 4. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON ACTINOMYCE POPULATION COUNT | 第101-102页 |
| 5. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON FUNGI COUNTS | 第102页 |
| 6. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON SOIL BACTERIA COUNTS | 第102-103页 |
| 7. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON | 第103-104页 |
| 8. THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SOIL FERTILITY LEVELS ON MICROBIAL BIOMASS NITROGEN | 第104-105页 |
| 9.THE EFFECT OF SOIL FERTILITY ON SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS C & N | 第105-106页 |
| 10. THE EFFECT OF SOIL FERTILITY ON SOIL BACTERIA, FUNGI AND ACTINOMYCES COUNTS | 第106-107页 |
| CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSTIONS | 第107-111页 |
| PROSPECTS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH | 第109-111页 |
| CHAPTER 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 第111-113页 |
| CHAPTER 7 REFERENCES | 第113-144页 |
