| 摘要 | 第1-8页 |
| Abstract | 第8-15页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅰ INTRODUCTION | 第15-23页 |
| ·Soil health and soil quality | 第15-16页 |
| ·Soil organic matter | 第16-17页 |
| ·The terrestrial carbon cycle | 第17-19页 |
| ·Soil carbon | 第17-18页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon | 第18页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon pools | 第18页 |
| ·Effects of manure and fertilizer on soil organic carbon fractions | 第18-19页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon analytical methods | 第19-21页 |
| ·Modified Walkley-Black method | 第20-21页 |
| ·Climate change and greenhouse effect | 第21页 |
| ·Long-term experiments | 第21-22页 |
| ·Scientific question | 第22页 |
| ·Hypotheses | 第22页 |
| ·Objectives | 第22-23页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅱ MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第23-31页 |
| ·Experiment sites | 第23-25页 |
| ·Soil sampling | 第25-26页 |
| ·Total carbon | 第26页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen | 第26-27页 |
| ·Procedure | 第27页 |
| ·Oxidizable organic carbon and its fractions | 第27-28页 |
| ·Potassium permanganate method | 第27-28页 |
| ·Walkley-Black method | 第28-29页 |
| ·Modified Walkley-Black method | 第29-30页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第30-31页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅲ Long-term manure and fertilizers increased soil organic carbonfractions in black soil of Northeast China | 第31-41页 |
| ·Introduction | 第31-33页 |
| ·Site description | 第31-32页 |
| ·Experimental design and treatments | 第32页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第32-33页 |
| ·Results | 第33-40页 |
| ·Total carbon | 第33页 |
| ·Total soil organic carbon | 第33-34页 |
| ·Oxidizable organic carbon and its fractions | 第34页 |
| ·Labile and recalcitrant carbon pools | 第34-35页 |
| ·Change rate of soil organic carbon and its fractions | 第35-38页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon sequestration | 第38页 |
| ·Total nitrogen and C/N ratio | 第38-40页 |
| ·Relationship among different carbon fractions | 第40页 |
| ·Chapter summary | 第40-41页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅳ Long-term manure and fertilizers increased soil organic carbonfractions in red soil of South China | 第41-51页 |
| ·Introduction | 第41-43页 |
| ·Site description | 第41-42页 |
| ·Cropping practices | 第42页 |
| ·Experimental design and treatments | 第42-43页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第43页 |
| ·Results | 第43-50页 |
| ·Total soil organic carbon | 第43-44页 |
| ·Oxidizable organic carbon and its fractions | 第44页 |
| ·Labile and recalcitrant carbon pools | 第44-45页 |
| ·Change rate of soil organic carbon and its fractions | 第45-48页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon sequestration | 第48页 |
| ·Total nitrogen and C/N ratio | 第48-50页 |
| ·Relationship among different carbon fractions | 第50页 |
| ·Chapter summary | 第50-51页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅴ Increases in soil organic carbon fractions after 19 years of long-termmanure and fertilization in fluvo-aquic soil of North-central China | 第51-61页 |
| ·Introduction | 第51-52页 |
| ·Site description | 第51页 |
| ·Cropping practices | 第51页 |
| ·Experimental design and treatments | 第51-52页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第52页 |
| ·Results | 第52-60页 |
| ·Total carbon | 第52-53页 |
| ·Total soil organic carbon | 第53-54页 |
| ·Oxidizable organic carbon and its fractions | 第54页 |
| ·Labile and recalcitrant carbon pools | 第54页 |
| ·Change rate of soil organic carbon and its fractions | 第54-58页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon sequestration | 第58页 |
| ·Total nitrogen and C/N ratio | 第58-60页 |
| ·Relationship among different C fractions | 第60页 |
| ·Chapter summary | 第60-61页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅵ Impact of long-term manure and fertilizers on soil organic carbonfractions in purple soil of Southwest China | 第61-70页 |
| ·Introduction | 第61-62页 |
| ·Site description | 第61页 |
| ·Experimental design and treatments | 第61-62页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第62页 |
| ·Results | 第62-69页 |
| ·Total carbon | 第62-63页 |
| ·Total soil organic carbon | 第63页 |
| ·Oxidizable organic carbon and its fractions | 第63-64页 |
| ·Labile and recalcitrant carbon pools | 第64-67页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon sequestration | 第67页 |
| ·Total nitrogen and C/N ratio | 第67-69页 |
| ·Relationship among different carbon fractions | 第69页 |
| ·Chapter summary | 第69-70页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅶ Long-term manure and fertilizers enhanced soil organic carbonfractions in red paddy soil of Southeast China | 第70-78页 |
| ·Introduction | 第70-71页 |
| ·Site description | 第70页 |
| ·Experimental design and treatments | 第70-71页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第71页 |
| ·Results | 第71-77页 |
| ·Total soil organic carbon | 第71页 |
| ·Oxidizable organic carbon and its fractions | 第71-72页 |
| ·Labile and recalcitrant carbon pools | 第72-75页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon sequestration | 第75页 |
| ·Total nitrogen and C/N ratio | 第75-77页 |
| ·Chapter summary | 第77-78页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅷ Methods for determination of active soil organic carbon fractionsin long-term fertilization experiments | 第78-83页 |
| ·Introduction | 第78页 |
| ·Materials and Methods | 第78-79页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon methods | 第78-79页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第79页 |
| ·Results | 第79-82页 |
| ·Soil carbon and its fractions | 第79-81页 |
| ·Relationship of KMnO_4-C and 6 N H_2SO_4-C | 第81-82页 |
| ·Chapter summary | 第82-83页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅸ DISCUSSION | 第83-87页 |
| ·Soil organic carbon storage and sequestration | 第83页 |
| ·Labile and recalcitrant carbon pools | 第83-86页 |
| ·Total nitrogen and C/N ratio | 第86-87页 |
| CONCLUSION | 第87-90页 |
| REFERENCES | 第90-99页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第99-100页 |
| CURRICULUM VITAE | 第100-101页 |
