| Abstract | 第5-8页 |
| 摘要 | 第9-18页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction and Review of Literature | 第18-45页 |
| 1.1 Effect of salinity and plant resistance mechanism | 第18-23页 |
| 1.1.1 Salinity and its effects on agriculture | 第18-19页 |
| 1.1.2 Research progress on plant resistance to salinity | 第19-21页 |
| 1.1.2.1 Effect of salinity on plant nutrient uptake | 第19页 |
| 1.1.2.2 Effect of salinity on plant antioxidant enzymes | 第19页 |
| 1.1.2.3 Effect of salinity induced plant gene expression | 第19-21页 |
| 1.1.3 Mechanism of injurious effects of salinity | 第21-22页 |
| 1.1.4 Research progress on tomato salinity stress resistance | 第22-23页 |
| 1.1.4.1 Effect of salinity on tomato seed germination | 第22页 |
| 1.1.4.2 Effect of salinity on vegetative growth of tomato | 第22页 |
| 1.1.4.3 Effect of salinity on tomato yield | 第22-23页 |
| 1.2 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and its application in induction of plant resistance tosalinity stress | 第23-34页 |
| 1.2.1 Effect of salinity on AMF proliferation | 第23-24页 |
| 1.2.2 Role of AMF in plant salinity resistance | 第24-34页 |
| 1.2.2.1 Effect of AMF on vegetative growth of plants under salinity stress | 第25-26页 |
| 1.2.2.2 Effect of AMF on the root morphology of salinity stressed plants | 第26-27页 |
| 1.2.2.3 Effect of AMF on chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis in salinity stressed plants | 第27-28页 |
| 1.2.2.4 Effect of AMF inoculation on the antioxidant defense system under salinity | 第28-30页 |
| 1.2.2.5 Effect of AMF inoculation on nutrient acquisition and ionic balance uder salinity stress | 第30-32页 |
| 1.2.2.6 Effect of AMF on plant gene activation in response to salinity stress | 第32-34页 |
| 1.3 Role of salicylic acid (SA) in induction of plant salinity stress resistance | 第34-42页 |
| 1.3.1 Effect of SA on salinity stress resistance in plants | 第34-42页 |
| 1.3.1.1 Effect of SA on seed germination under salinity stress | 第34-35页 |
| 1.3.1.2 Effect of SA on plant survival under salinity stress | 第35页 |
| 1.3.1.3 Effect of SA on plant growth under salinity stress | 第35-37页 |
| 1.3.1.4 Effect of SA on leaf area of salinity stressed plants | 第37页 |
| 1.3.1.5 Effect of SA on membrane stability in salinity stressed plants | 第37-38页 |
| 1.3.1.6 Effect of SA on plant physiology under salinity stress | 第38-39页 |
| 1.3.1.7 Effect of SA on plant organic osmolytes under salinity stress | 第39页 |
| 1.3.1.8 Effect of SA on plant chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis under salinity stress | 第39页 |
| 1.3.1.9 Effect of SA on plant ion accumulation under salinity stress | 第39-40页 |
| 1.3.1.10 Effect of SA on plant anti-oxidant enzymes under salinity stress | 第40-41页 |
| 1.3.1.11 Effect of SA induced plant gene activation under salinity | 第41-42页 |
| 1.3.1.12 Effect of SA on yield improvement under salinity stress | 第42页 |
| 1.3.2 Mechanism of SA induced salinity tolerance in plants | 第42页 |
| 1.4 Synergistic effect of AMF and chemical ameliorators against salinity | 第42-43页 |
| 1.5 The scientific question and objectives of this study | 第43-45页 |
| Chapter 2 Effect of acetyl salicylic acid and Glomus etunicatum on tomato seed germination undersalinity stress | 第45-55页 |
| Chapter Abstract | 第45页 |
| 2.1 Introduction | 第45-46页 |
| 2.2 Materials and Methods | 第46-48页 |
| 2.2.1 Preparation of materials | 第47页 |
| 2.2.2 Tomato seeds and treatments | 第47页 |
| 2.2.3 Data collection and Statitical analysis | 第47-48页 |
| 2.3 Results | 第48-52页 |
| 2.3.1 Effects of ASA and AMF on tomato seed germination under salinity stress in plastic trays(Peat moss medium) | 第48-50页 |
| 2.3.1.1 Seed germination | 第48页 |
| 2.3.1.2 Fresh biomass produced | 第48页 |
| 2.3.1.3 Stem length | 第48-49页 |
| 2.3.1.4 Root length | 第49-50页 |
| 2.3.2 Effects of ASA and AMF on tomato seed germination under salinity stress in petri plates onwet filter paper | 第50-52页 |
| 2.3.2.1 Seed germination | 第50页 |
| 2.3.2.2 Fresh weight | 第50-51页 |
| 2.3.2.3 Stem Length | 第51页 |
| 2.3.2.4 Root length and number of sub branches | 第51-52页 |
| 2.4 Discussion and summary | 第52-55页 |
| 2.4.1 Discussion | 第52-54页 |
| 2.4.2 Summary | 第54-55页 |
| Chapter 3 Effect of Acetyl salicylic acid and Glomus etunicatum root colonization on growth andestablishment of tomato seedlings under different levels of salinity stress | 第55-70页 |
| Chapter Abstract | 第55页 |
| 3.1 Introduction | 第55-56页 |
| 3.2 Materials and Methods | 第56-59页 |
| 3.2.1 Growing of tomato seedlings and AMF root inoculation | 第56-57页 |
| 3.2.2 Application of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) | 第57页 |
| 3.2.3 Treatments and salinity stress | 第57页 |
| 3.2.4 Measurement of tomato plant parameters | 第57-59页 |
| 3.2.4.1 Seedling survival | 第57页 |
| 3.2.4.2 Growth data | 第57页 |
| 3.2.4.3 Chlorophyll contents | 第57-58页 |
| 3.2.4.4 Cell membrane thermo-stability | 第58页 |
| 3.2.4.5 Root activity | 第58-59页 |
| 3.2.5 Data analysis | 第59页 |
| 3.3 Results | 第59-66页 |
| 3.3.1 Seedling survival | 第59-60页 |
| 3.3.2 Seedling height | 第60页 |
| 3.3.3 Stem thickness | 第60页 |
| 3.3.4 Leaf count | 第60页 |
| 3.3.5 Leaf length | 第60页 |
| 3.3.6 No. of leaflets | 第60-61页 |
| 3.3.7 Seedling fresh weight | 第61-63页 |
| 3.3.8 Membrane injury | 第63页 |
| 3.3.9 Chlorophyll contents | 第63-65页 |
| 3.3.10 Root activity | 第65-66页 |
| 3.4 Discussion and Summary | 第66-70页 |
| 3.4.1 Discussion | 第66-68页 |
| 3.4.2 Summary | 第68-70页 |
| Chapter 4 Glomus etunicatum Root Inoculation and Foliar Application of Acetyl Salicylic Acid Induced Na Cl Tolerance by up regulation of Gene Expression and Improved PhotosyntheticPerformance in Tomato Seedlings | 第70-87页 |
| Chapter Abstract | 第70页 |
| 4.1 Introduction | 第70-71页 |
| 4.2 Materials and Methods | 第71-74页 |
| 4.2.1 Sterilization of materials and growing seedlings | 第71-72页 |
| 4.2.2 Root Inoculation with AMF | 第72页 |
| 4.2.3 Acetyl salicylic acid treatment and salinity stress | 第72页 |
| 4.2.4 Plant measurement and data collection | 第72-74页 |
| 4.2.4.1 Vegetative growth of the plants | 第72页 |
| 4.2.4.2 Root development | 第72-73页 |
| 4.2.4.3 Photosynthesis and chlorophyll contents | 第73页 |
| 4.2.4.4 Gene expression | 第73-74页 |
| 4.2.5 Statitical analysis | 第74页 |
| 4.3 Results | 第74-82页 |
| 4.3.1 Shoot growth | 第74页 |
| 4.3.2 Effects of AMF and ASA on root architecture of tomato under salt stress | 第74-77页 |
| 4.3.3 Effects of AMF and ASA on flower of tomato under salt stress | 第77页 |
| 4.3.4 Biomass produced | 第77-78页 |
| 4.3.5 Effects of AMF and ASA on chlorophyll contents of tomato under salt stress | 第78-79页 |
| 4.3.6 Effects of AMF and ASA on photosynthetic performance of tomato under salt stress | 第79-80页 |
| 4.3.7 Effects of AMF and ASA on gene expression of tomato under salt stress | 第80-82页 |
| 4.3.7.1 Expression of NAC1 gene | 第80页 |
| 4.3.7.2 Expression of Le NHX1 gene | 第80页 |
| 4.3.7.3 Expression of JERF3 gene | 第80-81页 |
| 4.3.7.4 Expression of SOS1 gene | 第81-82页 |
| 4.4 Discussion and summary | 第82-87页 |
| 4.4.1 Discussion | 第82-85页 |
| 4.4.2 Summary | 第85-87页 |
| Chapter 5 Synergistic and Individual Effect of Glomus etunicatum Root Colonization and AcetylSalicylic Acid on Tomato Plant Performance in Plastic Tunnel under Moderate salinity Stress | 第87-115页 |
| Chapter Abstract | 第87页 |
| 5.1 Introduction | 第87-89页 |
| 5.2 Materials and Methods | 第89-94页 |
| 5.2.1 Tomato seedling preparation | 第89页 |
| 5.2.2 Tomato root inoculation of AMF | 第89-90页 |
| 5.2.3 Salinity stress and ASA treatment | 第90-91页 |
| 5.2.4 Measurement of tomato plant parameters | 第91-94页 |
| 5.2.4.1 Root fresh weight | 第91页 |
| 5.2.4.2 Root architecture | 第91页 |
| 5.2.4.3 Root activity | 第91-92页 |
| 5.2.4.4 Chlorophyll contents | 第92页 |
| 5.2.4.5 Plant enzyme activity | 第92页 |
| 5.2.4.6 Fruit quality | 第92-94页 |
| 5.2.5 Statistical analysis | 第94页 |
| 5.3 Results | 第94-111页 |
| 5.3.1 Effects of AMF and ASA on vegetative growth of tomato seedlings under salt stress | 第94-96页 |
| 5.3.1.1 Leaf area and salt injury | 第94-95页 |
| 5.3.1.2 Root biomass and architecture | 第95页 |
| 5.3.1.3 Root length and volume | 第95页 |
| 5.3.1.4 Root diameter and surface area | 第95-96页 |
| 5.3.1.5 Number of nodes and tips of roots | 第96页 |
| 5.3.1.6 Number of root connections and bifurcations | 第96页 |
| 5.3.2 Effects of AMF and ASA on physiological parameters of tomato under salt stress | 第96-111页 |
| 5.3.2.1 Antioxidant enzymes | 第98-100页 |
| 5.3.2.1.1 Peroxidase (POD) activity | 第98页 |
| 5.3.2.1.2 Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity | 第98页 |
| 5.3.2.1.3 Catalase (CAT) activy | 第98-99页 |
| 5.3.2.1.4 Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity | 第99-100页 |
| 5.3.2.2 Proline contents | 第100页 |
| 5.3.2.3 Chlorophyll contents | 第100-101页 |
| 5.3.2.4 Effects of AMF and ASA on ion absorption of tomato under salt stress | 第101-106页 |
| 5.3.2.4.1 Nitrogen contents | 第101-102页 |
| 5.3.2.4.2 Phosphorous contents | 第102-103页 |
| 5.3.2.4.3 Potassium contents | 第103页 |
| 5.3.2.4.4 Sodium contents | 第103-104页 |
| 5.3.2.4.5 Chloride contents | 第104-105页 |
| 5.3.2.4.6 Na+/K+ Ratio | 第105-106页 |
| 5.3.2.5 Root activity | 第106-107页 |
| 5.3.2.6 Effects of AMF and ASA on yield of tomato under salt stress | 第107-108页 |
| 5.3.2.6.1 Yield in July | 第107页 |
| 5.3.2.6.2 Yield in August | 第107-108页 |
| 5.3.2.7 Effects of AMF and ASA on fruit quality of tomato under salt stress | 第108-111页 |
| 5.3.2.7.1 Lycopene contents | 第108-109页 |
| 5.3.2.7.2 Juice acidity, TSS and p H | 第109-110页 |
| 5.3.2.7.3 Vitamin C | 第110页 |
| 5.3.2.7.4 Total Sugars | 第110页 |
| 5.3.2.7.5 Protein contents | 第110-111页 |
| 5.4 Discussion and summary | 第111-115页 |
| 5.4.1 Discussion | 第111-113页 |
| 5.4.2 Summary | 第113-115页 |
| Chapter 6 Conclusion and Innovation | 第115-117页 |
| 6.1 Conclusion | 第115-116页 |
| 6.2 Innovation | 第116-117页 |
| REFERENCES | 第117-137页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 第137-139页 |
| ABOUT THE AUTHOR | 第139页 |
