| 摘要 | 第1-13页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第13-16页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction and Outline | 第16-58页 |
| ·Heterogeneous catalysis with metal nanoparticles | 第16-19页 |
| ·Properties of metal nanoparticles catalysts | 第16-17页 |
| ·Stability of metal nanoparticles catalysts | 第17-19页 |
| ·Metal nanoparticles with organic capping reagents | 第19-22页 |
| ·Confinement of metal nanoparticles | 第22-23页 |
| ·Confined metal nanoparticles catalyst in nanospace | 第23-35页 |
| ·The confined nanospace provided by porous materials | 第23-27页 |
| ·Strategies to confine metal nanoparticles inside nanospace | 第27-35页 |
| ·Confined metal nanoparticles catalyst by metal-support interaction | 第35-43页 |
| ·Confined metal nanoparticles catalyst by shell material | 第35-38页 |
| ·Confined metal nanoparticles catalyst by interface | 第38-41页 |
| ·Confined metal nanoparticles catalyst by embedding in matrix | 第41-43页 |
| ·The confinement effects on catalytic reaction (reactant) | 第43-51页 |
| ·Shape-selective catalysis in confined space | 第43-44页 |
| ·Enrichment of reactants in confined space | 第44-46页 |
| ·Diffusion inside a confined space | 第46-47页 |
| ·Hydrogen spillover provided by the confinement of metal-support interaction | 第47-51页 |
| ·Catalystic hydrogenation | 第51-55页 |
| ·Hydrogenation of nitrogen (ammonia synthesis ) | 第51-52页 |
| ·Hydrogenation of carbon monoxide (Fischer–Tropsch synthesis) | 第52-53页 |
| ·Hydrogenation of carbon–carbon multiple bonds | 第53页 |
| ·Aromatic ring hydrogenation | 第53-54页 |
| ·Hydrogenation of carbon–oxygen and carbon–nitrogen multiple bonds | 第54页 |
| ·Hydrogenation of nitro groups | 第54-55页 |
| ·Object and the scope of this thesis | 第55-58页 |
| Chapter 2 Materials and Experimental | 第58-64页 |
| ·Chemicals | 第58-59页 |
| ·Preparation of the materials | 第59-60页 |
| ·Characterizations | 第60-64页 |
| ·The nitrogen sorption analysis | 第60-61页 |
| ·The powder X-ray diffraction | 第61页 |
| ·Transmission infrared spectroscopy | 第61页 |
| ·The thermo gravimetric analysis | 第61页 |
| ·The transmission electron microscopy | 第61-62页 |
| ·The scanning electron microscopy | 第62页 |
| ·The CO chemisorption | 第62-63页 |
| ·The temperature programmed methanation | 第63页 |
| ·The titration of amino groups | 第63-64页 |
| Chapter 3 Stabilized Pd NPs by Amino-polystyrene Confined in Hollow SilicaNanospheres | 第64-81页 |
| ·Introduction | 第65-66页 |
| ·Experimental Section | 第66-68页 |
| ·Preparation | 第66-67页 |
| ·Hydrogenation of acetophenone | 第67-68页 |
| ·Results and Discussion | 第68-79页 |
| ·Synthesis and characterization of PS-NH2@meso Si O2 YSNs | 第68-72页 |
| ·Stability of PS-NH2@meso Si O2 YSNs | 第72-75页 |
| ·PS-NH2@meso Si O2 YSNs as solid stabilizing reagents for Pd NPs | 第75-76页 |
| ·Selective hydrogenation of acetophenone | 第76-79页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第79-81页 |
| Chapter 4 Confined Ru Nanowires in Hollow Silica Nanospheres | 第81-106页 |
| ·Introduction | 第82-84页 |
| ·Experimental Section | 第84-86页 |
| ·Catalyst preparation | 第84-85页 |
| ·Aqueous phase F-T synthesis | 第85-86页 |
| ·Results and discussion | 第86-104页 |
| ·Formation of Ru nanoparticles and nanowires | 第86-89页 |
| ·Catalytic performance of Ru nanoparticles and nanowires in aqueous phase F-Tsynthesis | 第89-92页 |
| ·Encapsulated Ru nanowires in hollow silica nanospheres | 第92-96页 |
| ·Catalytic performance of Ru-PVP@Si O2 YSNs in aqueous phase F-T synthesis | 第96-104页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第104-106页 |
| Chapter 5 Confined Ru Nanoparticles in Ordered Mesoporous Carbon | 第106-130页 |
| ·Introduction | 第107-109页 |
| ·Experiment | 第109-110页 |
| ·Preparation of Ru-OMC and carbon supported Ru catalysts | 第109-110页 |
| ·Aqueous-phase F-T synthesis | 第110页 |
| ·In-situ temperature programmed carbonization characterization | 第110页 |
| ·Results and Discussion | 第110-128页 |
| ·Textural properties of different Ru catalysts | 第110-114页 |
| ·Performance of Ru catalysts in aqueous-phase F-T synthesis | 第114-116页 |
| ·The role of sucrose on stabilization of Ru NPs during carbonization | 第116-119页 |
| ·The interaction between Ru3+ and carbon precursor during the carbonization . 104 | 第119-123页 |
| ·Study on the carbonization process of sucrose-Pt4+/SBA-15 andsucrose-Ni2+/SBA-15 | 第123-124页 |
| ·Possible mechanism of stabilization role of sucrose during the formation of RuNPs | 第124-128页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第128-130页 |
| Chapter 6 Confined Ru NPs in Ordered Mesoporous Carbon with Tunable EmbeddingDegrees | 第130-156页 |
| ·Introduction | 第131-133页 |
| ·Experimental Section | 第133-135页 |
| ·Preparation | 第133-134页 |
| ·Catalysis hydrogenation | 第134-135页 |
| ·Results and Discussions | 第135-155页 |
| ·Textural properties of Ru-OMC catalysts | 第135-137页 |
| ·Status of Ru NPs | 第137-143页 |
| ·Catalytic performances of Ru-OMC-B-x catalysts | 第143-146页 |
| ·Effect of the sulfuric acid on textural properties | 第146-154页 |
| ·Effect of the sulfuric acid on benzene hydrogenation | 第154-155页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第155-156页 |
| Chapter 7 Summary | 第156-161页 |
| ·Conclusions | 第156-159页 |
| ·Stabilized Pd NPs by amino-polystyrene confined in hollow silica nanospheres | 第156页 |
| ·Confined Ru nanowires in silica hollow nanospheres | 第156-157页 |
| ·Confined Ru NPs in ordered mesoporous carbon | 第157-158页 |
| ·Formation mechanism of highly dispersed Ru NPs in ordered mesoporouscarbon | 第158页 |
| ·Confined Ru NPs in ordered mesoporous carbon with tunable embeddingdegrees | 第158-159页 |
| ·Effect of the sulfuric acid on confined Ru NPs in ordered mesoporous carbon | 第159页 |
| ·Suggestions for future work | 第159-161页 |
| Reference | 第161-183页 |
| Appendix-扩展摘要 | 第183-195页 |
| Author Biography | 第195-199页 |
| About the author | 第195页 |
| List of publications | 第195-199页 |
| Acknowledgement | 第199-200页 |
