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有机蔬菜生产系统中土壤氮特征及其微生物多样性研究

Acknowledgements第7-9页
摘要第9-14页
ABSTRACT第14-20页
CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL INTRODUCTION第25-30页
    1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION第25-28页
    1.2 STUDY GOAL第28页
    1.3 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES第28-29页
    1.4 RESEARCH FRAMEWORK第29-30页
CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW第30-47页
    2.1 SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE第30-31页
    2.2 NITROGEN第31-36页
        2.2.1 The N cycle第31-32页
        2.2.2 Plant available N pools in soil第32-34页
        2.2.3 Plant uptake of N第34-36页
    2.3 NITROGEN FERTILIZATION MANAGEMENT第36-40页
        2.3.1 Effect on physicochemical properties第36-38页
        2.3.2 Effect on microbial community and processes第38-40页
    2.4 THE ROLE OF THE SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY IN N CYCLING第40-43页
        2.4.1 The microbial community第41-42页
        2.4.2 Methodology第42-43页
    2.5 MICROBIAL PROCESSES AND N AVAILABILITY第43-47页
        2.5.1 Organic matter mineralization第44-45页
        2.5.2 Atmospheric nitrogen fixation第45-47页
CHAPTER 3 - ANALYSIS OF THE OCCURRENCE AND ACTIVITY OF DIAZOTROPHIC COMMUNITIES INHORTICULTURAL SOILS第47-76页
    3.1 INTRODUCTION第48-50页
    3.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS第50-56页
        3.2.1 Experimental site and soil sampling第50-51页
        3.2.2 Soil chemical and biological analysis第51-52页
        3.2.3 Nucleic acid extraction and c DNA synthesis第52-53页
        3.2.4 PCR amplification and fingerprinting第53页
        3.2.5 Sequencing of DNA and c DNA bands and phylogenetic analysis第53-54页
        3.2.6 Quantification of the N-fixing community第54-55页
        3.2.7 Statistical analysis第55-56页
    3.3 RESULTS第56-65页
        3.3.1 Soil chemical and biological characteristics第56-59页
        3.3.2 Community structure analysis based on the nif H gene第59-63页
        3.3.3 Abundance and activity of diazotrophs第63-65页
        3.3.4 Phylogenetic analysis第65页
    3.4 DISCUSSION第65-75页
    3.5 CONCLUSION第75-76页
CHAPTER 4 - RDNA- AND RRNA-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE FUNGAL COMMUNITY IN VEGETABLE CULTIVATEDSOIL第76-108页
    4.1 INTRODUCTION第77-79页
    4.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS第79-85页
        4.2.1 Sampling sites第79页
        4.2.2 Soil sampling and analysis第79-81页
        4.2.3 Nucleic acid extraction and c DNA synthesis第81-82页
        4.2.4 PCR amplification and fingerprinting第82-83页
        4.2.5 DNA and c DNA sequencing第83页
        4.2.6 Statistical analysis第83-85页
    4.3 RESULTS第85-99页
        4.3.1 Effect of management, cultivation type and seasonality on soil characteristics第85页
        4.3.2 Variation in fugal community structure第85-89页
        4.3.3 Variability of fungal community structure and biological characteristics due to soil properties第89-94页
        4.3.4 DNA and c DNA sequences第94-99页
    4.4 DISCUSSION第99-107页
    4.5 CONCLUSION第107-108页
CHAPTER 5 - AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF AGRICULTURAL SOILS WITH DIFFERENT MANAGEMENTHISTORIES AFTER NITROGEN FERTILIZATION第108-133页
    5.1 INTRODUCTION第109-111页
    5.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS第111-116页
        5.2.1 Soil and fertilizer materials第111-113页
        5.2.2 Soil incubation第113-114页
        5.2.3 FAA analysis第114-115页
        5.2.4 Soil microbial biomass and nutrient analyses第115-116页
        5.2.5 Statistical analysis第116页
    5.3 RESULTS第116-125页
        5.3.1 Soil properties第116-117页
        5.3.2 Effects of management on soil FAA第117-118页
        5.3.3 Effects of fertilization on soil FAA第118-121页
        5.3.4 FAA dynamics第121-124页
        5.3.5 N forms第124-125页
    5.4. DISCUSSION第125-131页
        5.4.1 Effect of management on soil FAA第125-127页
        5.4.2 Effect of fertilization on FAA第127-130页
        5.4.3 Amino acid dynamics第130页
        5.4.4 N pools and implications for plant amino acid-N uptake第130-131页
    5.5. CONCLUSION第131-133页
CHAPTER 6 - MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND COMPOSITION IN SOIL UNDER DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT HISTORYAND THE EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION第133-162页
    6.1 INTRODUCTION第134-136页
    6.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS第136-141页
        6.2.1 Soil and fertilizer materials第136-137页
        6.2.2 Soil incubation第137-138页
        6.2.3 Soil chemical analysis第138页
        6.2.4 Soil microbial biomass, respiration and dehydrogenase activity第138-139页
        6.2.5 Nucleic acid extraction, PCR amplification and fingerprinting第139-140页
        6.2.6 Sequencing of DNA bands第140-141页
        6.2.7 Phylogenetic analysis第141页
        6.2.8 Statistical analysis第141页
    6.3 RESULTS第141-156页
        6.3.1 Soil chemical properties第141-146页
        6.3.2 Soil microbial biomass, respiration and activity第146-148页
        6.3.3 Bacterial and fungal community structure第148-150页
        6.3.4 Community composition and phylogenetic analysis第150-156页
    6.4 DISCUSSION第156-161页
    6.5 CONCLUSION第161-162页
CHAPTER 7 - POTENTIAL N-FIXATION IN ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL HORTICULTURAL SOIL AND THEEFFECT OF FERTILIZER ADDITION第162-177页
    7.1 INTRODUCTION第163-164页
    7.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS第164-168页
        7.2.1 Soil第164-165页
        7.2.2 Incubations第165-166页
        7.2.3 N-fixation rate determination第166-167页
        7.2.4 Soil and plant sample analysis第167页
        7.2.5 Statistical analysis第167-168页
    7.3 RESULTS第168-171页
        7.3.1 N-fixation第168-170页
        7.3.2 Soil chemical and biological properties第170-171页
    7.4 DISCUSSION第171-176页
    7.5 CONCLUSION第176-177页
CHAPTER 8 - MAJOR FINDINGS AND OUTLOOK第177-180页
    8.1 MAJOR FINDINGS第177-178页
    8.2 OUTLOOK第178-180页
REFERENCES第180-209页
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS第209页

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