| CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION | 第1-83页 |
| Ⅰ. Overall Hypothesis | 第42-43页 |
| Ⅱ. Specific Aims | 第43-44页 |
| Ⅲ. Introduction and Background | 第44-68页 |
| 1. Blood pressure control and hypertension | 第44-49页 |
| 2. VSMC function and [Ca~(2+)]_1 | 第49-62页 |
| (a) Ca~(2+) as a mediator of smooth muscle contraction | 第49-54页 |
| (b) [Ca~(2+)]_1 regulation and the signal transduction systems | 第54-61页 |
| (ⅰ) Mechanisms which may regulate Ca~(2+) influx through membrane Ca~(2+) channels | 第57-58页 |
| (ⅱ) Mechanisms which regulate Ca~(2+) release from intracellular Ca~(2+) stores | 第58-60页 |
| (ⅲ) Mechanisms which may affect Ca~(2+) extrusion through plasma membrane | 第60-61页 |
| (c) Mechnisms which regulate VSMC contractility through Ca~(2+) independent pathways | 第61-62页 |
| 3. Altered Ca~(2+) handling and signal transduction in hypertension | 第62-64页 |
| 4. Vasoactive substances can be of different chemical structures which may result in different cellular mechanisms of biological action | 第64-68页 |
| References | 第68-83页 |
| CHAPTER 2. GENERAL MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第83-96页 |
| 1. Blood pressure measurements | 第83页 |
| 2. Tension study | 第83-85页 |
| 3. Isolation and culture of VSMC | 第85-87页 |
| 4. Intracellular Ca~(2+) determination | 第87-88页 |
| 5. Ca~(2+) channel study | 第88-89页 |
| 6. Inositol phosphates measurement | 第89-90页 |
| 7. cAMP measurement | 第90页 |
| 8. Measurement of PDE activity | 第90-91页 |
| 9. List of chemicals used and their sources | 第91-94页 |
| 10. Statistics | 第94-95页 |
| References | 第95-96页 |
| CHAPTER 3. AVP | 第96-126页 |
| Ⅰ. Introduction | 第96-99页 |
| Ⅱ. List of Experiments | 第99-102页 |
| 1. Blood pressure measurement | 第99页 |
| 2. Tension measurement | 第99-101页 |
| (a) Tension generation by AVP in isolated rat tail artery helical strips | 第99-100页 |
| (b) The effect of medium Ca concentration on the vasoconstriction produced by AVP in rat tail artery helical strips | 第100页 |
| (c) The relaxing effect of bPTH(1-34) on the tension produced by AVP in rat tail artery helical strips | 第100页 |
| (d) The effect of AVP, KCl or ANG Ⅱ on the tension depndent on release of intracellular stored Ca~(2+) produced by NE in rat tail artery helical strips | 第100-101页 |
| 3. [Ca~(2+)]_1 determination | 第101页 |
| (a) The effect of AVP or NE on [Ca~(2+)]_1 in VSMC isolated from rat tail artery kept in medium with 1 mM Ca~(2+) or Ca omitted medium | 第101页 |
| (b) The effect of PTH on [Ca~(2+)]_1 increment induced by AVP | 第101页 |
| 4. Inositol phosphates determination | 第101-102页 |
| Ⅲ. Results | 第102-104页 |
| Ⅳ. Discussion | 第104-110页 |
| References | 第110-126页 |
| CHAPTER 4. PTH | 第126-146页 |
| Ⅰ. Introduction | 第126-128页 |
| Ⅱ. List of Experiments | 第128-130页 |
| 1. Blood pressure measurement | 第128页 |
| 2. Tension determination | 第128-129页 |
| 3. [Ca~(2+)]_1 determination | 第129-130页 |
| (a) The initial effect of PTH and its analog on [Ca~(2+)]_1 in VSMC | 第129页 |
| (b) The second effect of PTH and its analog on [Ca~(2+)]_1 increment induced by KCl | 第129页 |
| (c) The effect of the peptides on [Ca~(2+)]_1 in Ca omitted medium | 第129-130页 |
| Ⅲ. Results | 第130页 |
| Ⅳ. Discussion | 第130-135页 |
| References | 第135-146页 |
| CHAPTER 5. ESTROGEN | 第146-171页 |
| Ⅰ. Introduction | 第146-148页 |
| Ⅱ. List of Experiments | 第148-150页 |
| 1. Blood pressure measurement | 第148-149页 |
| 2. Tension determination | 第149-150页 |
| (a) The relaxing effect of 17β-estradiol on the tonic tension produced by KCl, NE or AVP | 第149页 |
| (b) The inhibiting effect of 17β-estradiol on the phasic tension produced by KCl, NE or AVP | 第149-150页 |
| (c) The effect of estradiol on the vasoconstriction dependent on extracellular Ca~(2+) entry | 第150页 |
| 3. The effect of estradiol on the [Ca~(2+)]_1 increment induced by KCl | 第150页 |
| Ⅲ. Results | 第150-152页 |
| Ⅳ. Discussion | 第152-159页 |
| References | 第159-171页 |
| CHAPTER 6. 1,25(OH)_2D_3 AND 24,25(OH)_2D_3 | 第171-207页 |
| Ⅰ. Introduction | 第171-174页 |
| Ⅱ. List of Experiments | 第174-177页 |
| 1. The effect of 1,25(OH)_2D_3 on blood pressure | 第174页 |
| 2. Tension study on 1,25(OH)_2D_3 | 第174-175页 |
| (a) The effect of 1,25(OH)_2D_3 on other vasoconstrictors | 第174页 |
| (b) The effect of 1,25(OH)_2D_3 on the vasoconstriction dependent on intracellular stored Ca~(2+) release and extracellular Ca~(2+) entry | 第174-175页 |
| 3. 1,25(OH)_2D_3 and [Ca~(2+)]_1 | 第175页 |
| (a) The effect of 1,25(OH)_2D_3 on [Ca~(2+)]_1 in VSMC | 第175页 |
| 4. 1,25(OH)_2D_3 and IP_3 production | 第175页 |
| 5. The effect of 24,25(OH)_D_3 on the blood pressure change induced by NE or AVP | 第175-176页 |
| 6. Tension study on 24,25(OH)_2D_3 | 第176-177页 |
| (a) The relaxing effect of 24,25(OH)_2D_3 on the tension generated by other vasoconstrictors | 第176页 |
| (b) The inhibitory effect of 24,25(OH)_2D_3 on the tension generated by other vasoconstrictors | 第176页 |
| (c) The effect of 24,25(OH)_2D_3 on the vasoconstriction dependent on intracellular stored Ca~(2+) release or extracellular Ca~(2+) entry | 第176-177页 |
| 7. [Ca~(2+)]_1 study of 24,25(OH)_2D_3 | 第177页 |
| Ⅲ. Results | 第177-179页 |
| Ⅳ. Discussion | 第179-187页 |
| References | 第187-207页 |
| CHAPTER 7. PHF | 第207-262页 |
| Ⅰ. Introduction | 第207-208页 |
| Ⅱ. List of Experiments | 第208-213页 |
| A. Studies on PHF | 第208-212页 |
| 1. Blood pressure measurement | 第208-209页 |
| (a) The effect of semipurified, purified, synthetic PHF (Fmoc-PHF) and PLD treated Fmoc-PHF on blood pressure of SD rats | 第208-209页 |
| (b) The effect of PDE inhibitor, theophylline, on the blood pressure of WKY and SHR rats | 第209页 |
| (c) The effect of PDE stimulator, imidazole, on the blood pressure of WKY and SHR rats | 第209页 |
| (d) The effect of theophylline on the change in blood pressure induced by semipurified PHF in SD rats | 第209页 |
| 2. Tension experiments | 第209-210页 |
| (a) The potentiating effect of PHF on the vasoconstricting effect of NE | 第209-210页 |
| (b) The effect of PHF on the vasoconstriction dependent on extracellular Ca~(2+) entry or intracellular stored Ca~(2+) release generated by NE | 第210页 |
| (c) The effect of theophylline on the NE potentiating effect by PHF | 第210页 |
| 3. [Ca~(2+)]_1 determination by the Fura-2 method | 第210-211页 |
| (a) The effect of PHF on the [Ca~(2+)]_1 increment induced by KCl | 第210-211页 |
| 4. Ca~(2+) channel activity | 第211页 |
| (a) The effect of PHF on the L-type Ca~(2+) channel activity in rat tail artery VSMC | 第211页 |
| (b) The inhibitory effect of IBMX on the Ca~(2+) channel activated by PHF | 第211页 |
| 5. Inositol phosphates measurement | 第211页 |
| 6. cAMP measurement | 第211-212页 |
| 7. Measurement of PDE activity | 第212页 |
| B. Studies on LP compounds | 第212-213页 |
| 1. Blood pressure measurement | 第212页 |
| (a) The effect of LP compounds on blood pressure in SD rats | 第212页 |
| 2. Tension experiment | 第212-213页 |
| (a) The potentiating effect of LPI or LPS on the tension generated by NE in both rat tail artery and aorta helical strips | 第212-213页 |
| 3. [Ca~(2+)]_1 determination by the Fura-2 method | 第213页 |
| (a) The effect of LPC on the [Ca~(2+)]_1 increment induced by KCl | 第213页 |
| 4. Measurement of PDE activity | 第213页 |
| Ⅲ. Results | 第213-218页 |
| Ⅳ. Discussion | 第218-226页 |
| References | 第226-262页 |
| CHAPTER 8. OVERALL DISCUSSION | 第262-288页 |
| Introduction | 第263-282页 |
| 1. Chemical nature of the vasoactive substances and their patterns of vascular activity | 第263-267页 |
| 2. Correlation of vascular responses at the whole animal, tissue, and cellular levels | 第267-268页 |
| 3. Involvement of different sources of Ca~(2+) in the vascular action of the vasoactive hormones studied | 第268-272页 |
| 4. Dissociation of [Ca~(2+)]_1 and biological actions | 第272-275页 |
| 5. Signal transduction systems involved in the actions of the vasoactive hormones | 第275-278页 |
| 6. Unique and important new findings on each vasoactive hormone studied | 第278-282页 |
| References | 第282-288页 |
| CHAPTER 9. OVERALL SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS | 第288-294页 |
| 1. Summary | 第288-291页 |
| 2. New directions for research as a result of the present studies | 第291-294页 |
