| Appendix List of Abbreviations | 第19-21页 |
| 摘要 | 第21-25页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第25-29页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅰ Introduction | 第31-35页 |
| 1.1 Objective | 第32-33页 |
| 1.2 Hypothesis | 第33页 |
| 1.3 Expected Results | 第33页 |
| 1.4 Scope of the study | 第33-34页 |
| 1.5 Conceptual Framework | 第34-35页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅱ Review Litterateur | 第35-41页 |
| 2.1 Forest ecology | 第35页 |
| 2.2 Forest dynamics | 第35-38页 |
| 2.2.1 Forest gap | 第35-36页 |
| 2.2.2 Micro-climate | 第36-38页 |
| 2.3 Plant functional traits | 第38-41页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅲ Methodology | 第41-54页 |
| 3.1 Study site | 第41-42页 |
| 3.2 Gap area determination | 第42-44页 |
| 3.3 Castanopsis kawakamii forest gap plot setting | 第44页 |
| 3.4 Sampling collection and data measurement | 第44-46页 |
| 3.4.1 Climatic and soil factors measurment | 第44-45页 |
| 3.4.2 C. kawakamii community investigation in gap and non-gap | 第45-46页 |
| 3.4.3 Leaf functional traits investigation in regeneration layer | 第46页 |
| 3.5 Laboratory experiment methods | 第46-54页 |
| 3.5.1 Soil analysis | 第46-48页 |
| 3.5.2 Leave analysis | 第48-54页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅳ Effect of Gap Size on The Dynamic of Micro-Environments During the Daytime atCastanopsis kawakamii Natural Reserve Forest | 第54-70页 |
| 4.1 Introduction | 第54-55页 |
| 4.2 Material and methods | 第55-57页 |
| 4.2.1 Experiment area | 第55-56页 |
| 4.2.2 Environmental and soil measuring | 第56页 |
| 4.2.3 Statistical analysis | 第56-57页 |
| 4.3 Results | 第57-67页 |
| 4.3.1 The features of each forest gap and non-gap | 第57页 |
| 4.3.2 Dynamics of microenvironments during daytime within gaps and non gap area | 第57-66页 |
| 4.3.3 The correlation of each environmental factors in two seasons | 第66-67页 |
| 4.4 Discussion | 第67-70页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅴ Effect of Gap Size on Spatial Variability of Soil Physical Properties | 第70-94页 |
| 5.1 Introduction | 第70-71页 |
| 5.2 Materials and methods | 第71-72页 |
| 5.2.1 Gap size classification and soil sample collection | 第71页 |
| 5.2.2 Statistical and geostatistical methods | 第71-72页 |
| 5.3 Results and discussion | 第72-94页 |
| 5.3.1 Gap size to the value soil physical properties | 第72-77页 |
| 5.3.2 Descriptive statistics of soil physical properties of each gap and non-gap | 第77-81页 |
| 5.3.3 Spatial variability of soil physical properties of each gap and non-gap | 第81-94页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅵ Effect of Gap Size on Soil Chemical Properties and Soil Enzyme Activities AndTheir Seasonal Variability | 第94-101页 |
| 6.1 Introduction | 第94页 |
| 6.2 Materials and methods | 第94-95页 |
| 6.2.1 Soil chemical analysis | 第94-95页 |
| 6.2.2 Soil enzyme activity analysis | 第95页 |
| 6.2.3 Statistical analysis | 第95页 |
| 6.3 Results | 第95-98页 |
| 6.3.1 The effect of gap size on the soil chemical properties | 第95-98页 |
| 6.4 Discussion | 第98-101页 |
| 6.4.1 Effect of gap size on the values of soil and climate variables | 第98-101页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅶ The Seasonal Spatial Variability of Soil Chemical Properties and Soil EnzymeActivities in Castanopsis kawakamii Natural Forest Gap | 第101-133页 |
| 7.1 Introduction | 第101页 |
| 7.2 Materials and methods | 第101-102页 |
| 7.2.1 Soil sample collection (see topic 3.4) | 第101页 |
| 7.2.2 Soil chemical analysis (see topic 3.5.1 soil analysis) | 第101-102页 |
| 7.2.3 Soil enzyme activity analysis | 第102页 |
| 7.2.4 Statistical and geostatistical methods | 第102页 |
| 7.3 Results | 第102-130页 |
| 7.3.1 The spatial variability of soil chemical properties during the summer season | 第102-116页 |
| 7.3.2 The spatial variability of soil chemical properties during the winter season | 第116-130页 |
| 7.4 Discussions | 第130-133页 |
| 7.4.1 Descriptive statistics of soil chemical properties of each gap and non-gap | 第130-131页 |
| 7.4.2 Spatial variability of soil chemical properties of each gap and non-gap | 第131-133页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅷ The Spatial Heterogeneity of Light Effect on Micro-Environment and Specific LeafArea within the Gap | 第133-143页 |
| 8.1 Introduction | 第133-134页 |
| 8.2 Materials and methods | 第134页 |
| 8.2.1 Experimental area | 第134页 |
| 8.2.2 Environmental variables measured | 第134页 |
| 8.2.3 Plant leaf collection and analysis | 第134页 |
| 8.3 Results | 第134-139页 |
| 8.3.1 Spatial heterogeneity of the light within gaps and non-gaps | 第134-136页 |
| 8.3.2 Specific leaf area (SLA) and light intensity in gap sizes and non-gap | 第136-138页 |
| 8.3.3 Relationship between SLA and N and P content in leaves | 第138-139页 |
| 8.4 Discussion | 第139-143页 |
| 8.4.1 Effects of light in gaps and non gap | 第139-140页 |
| 8.4.2 Specific leaf area (SLA) and light intensity in the gaps and non-gap | 第140-141页 |
| 8.4.3 Relationship between SLA and N and P content in leaves | 第141-143页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅸ Effects of Gap sizes and Micro-Environment on Leaf Traits at C. kawakamii NaturalForest | 第143-171页 |
| 9.1 Introduction | 第143页 |
| 9.2 Material and methods | 第143-144页 |
| 9.2.1 Sample collection | 第143页 |
| 9.2.2 Leave analysis | 第143-144页 |
| 9.2.3 Data analysis | 第144页 |
| 9.3 Results | 第144-167页 |
| 9.3.1 LA,LDM and SLA | 第144-147页 |
| 9.3.2 Leaf chlorophyll contents | 第147-152页 |
| 9.3.3 Leaf soluble sugar and starch contents | 第152-156页 |
| 9.3.4 Leaf carbon (C),nitrogen (N),phosphorous (P),and potassium(K) | 第156-160页 |
| 9.3.5 Leaf enzyme activities | 第160-164页 |
| 9.3.6 Leaf traits and environment factors | 第164-167页 |
| 9.4 Discussion | 第167-171页 |
| 9.4.1 Effect of gap size on LA, LDM, and SLA | 第167-168页 |
| 9.4.2 Effect of gap size on chlorophyll contents | 第168-169页 |
| 9.4.3 Effect of gap size on soluble sugar and starch contents | 第169页 |
| 9.4.4 Effect of gap size on C, N, P, and K contents | 第169-170页 |
| 9.4.5 Effect of gap size on leaf enzyme activities | 第170-171页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅹ Effects of Gap Size and Locations on The Regeneration of C. kawakamii | 第171-180页 |
| 10.1 Introduction | 第171-172页 |
| 10.2 Materials and methods | 第172-173页 |
| 10.2.1 Gap areas and environmental factors measured | 第172页 |
| 10.2.2 C. kawakamii population investigation | 第172页 |
| 10.2.3 Soil analysis | 第172页 |
| 10.2.4 Data analysis | 第172-173页 |
| 10.3 Results | 第173-176页 |
| 10.3.1 Gap area, gap position, and numbers of C. kawakamii | 第173-175页 |
| 10.3.2 C. kawakamii and the micro-environment within the gap | 第175-176页 |
| 10.4 Discussion | 第176-180页 |
| 10.4.1 Gap areas and number of C. kawakamii | 第176-177页 |
| 10.4.2 Location within gap for C. kawakamii regeneration | 第177-178页 |
| 10.4.3 C. kawakamii and micro-environment within gaps | 第178页 |
| 10.4.4 C. kawakamii specie management and conservation | 第178-180页 |
| CHAPTER Ⅺ Conclusion | 第180-182页 |
| References | 第182-203页 |
| Appendixes A Correlation coefficients (r) | 第203-206页 |
| Appendixes B Leaf functional traits | 第206-212页 |
| Appendix C Species list in this study | 第212-214页 |
| Published Papers and other Academic Achievements during the Program | 第214-215页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第215页 |
