| Abstract | 第2-3页 |
| Contents | 第4-7页 |
| Glossary of terms and abbreviations | 第7-8页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第8-10页 |
| Introduction | 第10-16页 |
| Review of literature | 第16-36页 |
| Evaluation of resistance of different insect strains to various proteins of δ-endotoxin of B. thuringiensis | 第16-21页 |
| History, distribution, status as pest and economic importance of Helicoverpa (Heliothis) armigera (Huebn.) | 第21-25页 |
| Mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis | 第25-29页 |
| Insecticidal activity of B. thuringiensis | 第29-36页 |
| Materials and Methods | 第36-50页 |
| Procurement of research materials | 第36-38页 |
| Methodology used in raising Cry1Ac and Bt-based biopesticide resistant selections of H. armigera | 第38-41页 |
| Insect selection for developing Bt-based biopesticide resistant H. armigera: | 第38-39页 |
| Insect selection for developing Bt-based biopesticide resistant H. armigera: | 第39-40页 |
| Laboratory scale production of Spore-δ-endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis strains and bioassays | 第40-41页 |
| Basic growth medium (BGM) for production of spore-δ-Endotoxin | 第41-42页 |
| Preparation of solid BGM for production of Bacillus thuringiensis spore-δ-endotoxin in petri-plates: | 第42-43页 |
| Centrifugation | 第43页 |
| Freeze-Drying | 第43页 |
| General Staining/Dyeing of Bt protein crystal | 第43-45页 |
| Physical parameters at which production of individual Bt strains of HD-series and NARC was undertaken | 第45-46页 |
| Yield Biomass | 第46页 |
| Determination of colony forming units (CFU or spore) per mg of freeze dried spore-δ-endotoxin powder | 第46-47页 |
| Colonial and crystal morphological characteristics of various HD and NARC Bt strains | 第47-48页 |
| Bioassay | 第48-49页 |
| Cross Resistance | 第49页 |
| Data Analysis | 第49-50页 |
| Results | 第50-93页 |
| Microbiological studies (production of spore-δ-endotoxin of Bts) | 第50-58页 |
| Yield biomass of various Bt strains (production of Bt powder) and determination of number of spores (colony forming unit CFU) per milligram of the spore-δ-endotoxin mixture | 第58-60页 |
| Evaluation of resistance in Cry1Ac selection of Helicoverpa armigera to spore-δ-endotoxin of various B. thuringiensis | 第60-63页 |
| Larval weight, percent larval weight reduction and trend in larval weight reduction in Cry1AC resistant insect due to feeding of spore-δ-endotoxin mixtures of Bts | 第63-67页 |
| Disorientation in the development of Cry1Ac resistant H.armigera larvae due to 7 days feeding of spore-crystal complex (diet-Bt-bioassays) of various Bt strains. | 第67-73页 |
| Larval weight, percent larval weight reduction and trend in larval weight reduction in susceptible H. armigera due to feeding of spore-δ-endotoxin mixtures of Bts | 第73-78页 |
| Disorientation in the development of susceptible H. armigera larvae due to 7 days feeding of spore-crystal complex (diet-Bt-bioassays) of various Bt strains. | 第78-83页 |
| Evaluation of resistance in Bt-based biopesticide selection of Helicoverpa armigera to spore-δ-endotoxin of various B. thuringiensis | 第83-85页 |
| Larval weight, percent larval weight reduction and trend in larval weight reduction in Bt-based bio-pesticide resistant H. armigera due to feeding of spore-δ-endotoxin mixtures of Bts | 第85-88页 |
| Disorientation in the development of susceptible H. armigera larvae due to 7 days feeding of spore-crystal complex (diet-Bt-bioassays) of various Bt strains. | 第88-93页 |
| Discussion | 第93-101页 |
| Conclusion | 第101-102页 |
| References | 第102-113页 |
