| 摘要 | 第3-4页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第4页 |
| Chapter 1 General introduction | 第7-21页 |
| 1.1 Study on cow dung and its current trends | 第8-11页 |
| 1.2 Humic substances and humification | 第11-15页 |
| 1.3 Study on soil organic matter and soil humic substances | 第15-18页 |
| 1.4 Methods for analysis the humic substances | 第18-19页 |
| 1.5 The background of this research | 第19-20页 |
| 1.6 Objectives of this study and its significance | 第20-21页 |
| Chapter 2 Detection of tyrosine, metals and nutrients in cow dung: The environmental significance in soil and water environments | 第21-35页 |
| 2.1 Introduction | 第23-24页 |
| 2.2 Materials and methods | 第24-28页 |
| 2.2.1 Materials | 第24-25页 |
| 2.2.2 Analytical procedures | 第25-26页 |
| 2.2.3 PARAFAC modelling | 第26-28页 |
| 2.3 Results and discussions | 第28-33页 |
| 2.3.1 Detection of tyrosine in the cow dung and its environmental significance | 第28-31页 |
| 2.3.2 Variation in pH, EC, trace metals and nutrients in cow dung | 第31-33页 |
| 2.4 Conclusions | 第33-35页 |
| Chapter 3 Optical and molecular-level changes in the dissolved organic matter in cow dung under sunlight and dark incubation: Humification facts and mechanisms | 第35-57页 |
| 3.1 Introduction | 第37-40页 |
| 3.2 Materials and methods | 第40-42页 |
| 3.2.1. Materials | 第40页 |
| 3.2.2 Experimental design | 第40-41页 |
| 3.2.3 Analytical procedures | 第41-42页 |
| 3.3 Results and discussion | 第42-54页 |
| 3.3.1 Changes in the fluorescent substances during photo and microbial effect identified by EEM-PARAFAC modelling | 第42-49页 |
| 3.3.2 Functional groups changes of cow dung during photo and microbial experiments by FTIR analysis | 第49-50页 |
| 3.3.3 Variation in pH, EC, and nutrients in experimental cow dung samples | 第50-52页 |
| 3.3.4 Conceptual model for humification mechanisms | 第52-54页 |
| 3.4 Conclusions | 第54-57页 |
| Chapter 4 Drying effects on soil dissolved organic matter in Tianjin: Optical and chemical spectroscopic evidences | 第57-69页 |
| 4.1 Introduction | 第59-60页 |
| 4.2 Materials and methods | 第60-61页 |
| 4.2.1. Materials | 第60页 |
| 4.2.2 Analytical procedures | 第60-61页 |
| 4.3 Results and discussion | 第61-68页 |
| 4.3.1. pH and electric conductivity of different types of soil | 第61页 |
| 4.3.2. Fluorescent components identified by using EEM-PARAFAC modelling | 第61-66页 |
| 4.3.3 Characteristic variation in elemental analysis in different types of soil | 第66页 |
| 4.3.4 Characteristic differences of functional groups on soil DOM by using FTIR | 第66-68页 |
| 4.4 Conclusions | 第68-69页 |
| Chapter 5 Summary | 第69-73页 |
| 5.1 Conclusions | 第70页 |
| 5.2 Limitation and future study | 第70-73页 |
| 论文简介 | 第73-77页 |
| References | 第77-87页 |
| Acknowledgement | 第87页 |
