| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第6-7页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第7-8页 |
| 摘要 | 第9-13页 |
| Chapter Ⅰ INTRODUCTION | 第13-20页 |
| 1.1 Khaled Hosseini and His Works | 第13-16页 |
| 1.1.1 Khaled Hosseini | 第13-15页 |
| 1.1.2 Hosseini's works | 第15-16页 |
| 1.2 The Novel And the Mountain Echoed | 第16-18页 |
| 1.3 The Significance and Structure of the Thesis | 第18-20页 |
| Chapter Ⅱ LITERATURE REVIEW | 第20-26页 |
| 2.1 Literature Review at Domestic Study | 第20-23页 |
| 2.2 Literature Review at Foreign Study | 第23-26页 |
| Chapter ⅢTRAUMA THEORY | 第26-37页 |
| 3.1 The Definition of Trauma | 第26-27页 |
| 3.2 Trauma Events | 第27-28页 |
| 3.3 Trauma Symptoms | 第28-33页 |
| 3.3.1 Hyper-arousal | 第29页 |
| 3.3.2 Intrusive recollection | 第29-30页 |
| 3.3.3 Constriction | 第30-31页 |
| 3.3.4 Numbness | 第31页 |
| 3.3.5 Self-seclusion | 第31-32页 |
| 3.3.6 Avoidance | 第32-33页 |
| 3.4 The Trauma Recovery | 第33-37页 |
| 3.4.1 Rebuilding the sense of safety | 第33-34页 |
| 3.4.2 Retelling and mourning trauma | 第34-35页 |
| 3.4.3 Reconnecting with themselves and others | 第35-37页 |
| Chapter Ⅳ INDIVIDUAL TRAUMA EVENTS IN THE NOVEL | 第37-56页 |
| 4.1 Nila's Trauma Events | 第37-43页 |
| 4.1.1 Parents'divorce | 第37-40页 |
| 4.1.2 Unhappy marriage | 第40-42页 |
| 4.1.3 Daughter's betrayal | 第42-43页 |
| 4.2 Pari's Trauma Events | 第43-49页 |
| 4.2.1 The death of Pari's natural mother | 第43-45页 |
| 4.2.2 The separation from her stepfather | 第45-46页 |
| 4.2.3 The irresponsibility of her stepmother | 第46-47页 |
| 4.2.4 The death of her husband | 第47-48页 |
| 4.2.5 The identity as outsider | 第48-49页 |
| 4.3 Roshi's Trauma Events | 第49-52页 |
| 4.3.1 Family's adversity | 第49-50页 |
| 4.3.2 The defect of body | 第50-52页 |
| 4.4 Thalia's Trauma Events | 第52-56页 |
| 4.4.1 Unsound family | 第52-53页 |
| 4.4.2 Disfigurement | 第53-56页 |
| Chapter Ⅴ INDIVIDUAL TRAUMA SYMPTOMS IN THE NOVEL | 第56-66页 |
| 5.1 Nila's Trauma Symptoms | 第56-58页 |
| 5.1.1 Numbness | 第56-57页 |
| 5.1.2 Avoidance | 第57-58页 |
| 5.2 Pari's Trauma Symptoms | 第58-61页 |
| 5.2.1 The sense of loss and insecurity | 第58-59页 |
| 5.2.2 The change of self-recognition | 第59-61页 |
| 5.3 Roshi's Trauma Symptoms | 第61-63页 |
| 5.3.1 Constriction | 第61-62页 |
| 5.3.2 Intrusive recollection | 第62-63页 |
| 5.3.3 Trust crisis | 第63页 |
| 5.4 Thalia's Trauma Symptoms | 第63-66页 |
| 5.4.1 Hyper-arousal | 第64-65页 |
| 5.4.2 Self-seclusion | 第65-66页 |
| Chapter Ⅵ THE RECOVERY FROM TRAUMA IN THE NOVEL | 第66-78页 |
| 6.1 Pari's Recovery | 第66-70页 |
| 6.1.1 Reestablishing the sense of security | 第67-68页 |
| 6.1.2 Reunion with her brother | 第68-69页 |
| 6.1.3 Ability of anti-frustration | 第69-70页 |
| 6.2 Roshi's Recovery | 第70-72页 |
| 6.2.1 Rebuilding the sense of safety and trust | 第70-71页 |
| 6.2.2 Retelling and mourning trauma | 第71-72页 |
| 6.3 Thalia's Recovery | 第72-75页 |
| 6.3.1 Reconstructing the sense of self and security | 第72-74页 |
| 6.3.2 Reconnecting with community | 第74-75页 |
| 6.4 Nila's Unsuccessful Recovery | 第75-78页 |
| 6.4.1 Failure to walk away from parents' divorce | 第75-76页 |
| 6.4.2 Disconnection from others | 第76-78页 |
| CONCLUSION | 第78-81页 |
| WORKS CITED | 第81-83页 |
