| Abbreviations | 第10-11页 |
| Glossary | 第11-12页 |
| Abstract | 第12-15页 |
| 摘要 | 第16-19页 |
| PART ONE: INTRODUCTION | 第19-35页 |
| 1.1 Background | 第19-21页 |
| 1.2 Advances in meteorological drought index | 第21-22页 |
| 1.3 Advances in the study area | 第22-23页 |
| 1.4 Study area | 第23-28页 |
| 1.4.1 Qinghai Province | 第23-24页 |
| 1.4.2 Sudan | 第24-28页 |
| 1.5 Materials and methods | 第28-34页 |
| 1.5.1 Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) | 第28-30页 |
| 1.5.2 Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) | 第30-32页 |
| 1.5.3 Precipitation anomaly percent (Pa) | 第32页 |
| 1.5.4 Mann-Kendall test (M-K) | 第32-33页 |
| 1.5.5 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) | 第33-34页 |
| 1.5.5.1 Linear trend analysis (slope) | 第33-34页 |
| 1.5.5.2 Correlation analysis | 第34页 |
| 1.6 Layout of working plan | 第34-35页 |
| PART TWO: DROUGHT ANALYSIS IN QINGHAI PROVINCE AND SUDAN | 第35-80页 |
| 2.1 Drought analysis in Qinghai Province | 第35-60页 |
| 2.1.1 Variation of the annual precipitation and temperature | 第36页 |
| 2.1.2 SPEI and SPI | 第36-38页 |
| 2.1.3 Mann-Kendall (M-K) test | 第38-41页 |
| 2.1.4 Correlation of the three drought indices with climate factors | 第41-46页 |
| 2.1.5 Drought and flood of SPEI and SPI identify the typical drought events | 第46页 |
| 2.1.6 Drought frequency spatial variation | 第46-56页 |
| 2.1.6.1 Annual | 第46-48页 |
| 2.1.6.2 Winter | 第48-50页 |
| 2.1.6.3 Spring | 第50-52页 |
| 2.1.6.4 Summer | 第52-54页 |
| 2.1.6.5 Autumn | 第54-56页 |
| 2.1.7 Drought trends and mutation detection | 第56-58页 |
| 2.1.8 Actual comparison of SPEI and SPI indices in a high drought period | 第58-60页 |
| 2.2 Drought analysis in Sudan | 第60-78页 |
| 2.2.1 Variation of the annual precipitation and temperature | 第61-62页 |
| 2.2.2 SPEI and SPI | 第62-64页 |
| 2.2.3 Mann-Kendall (M-K) test | 第64-66页 |
| 2.2.4 Correlation of the three drought indices with climate factors | 第66-69页 |
| 2.2.5 Drought and flood of SPEI and SPI identify the typical drought events | 第69-70页 |
| 2.2.6 Drought frequency spatial variation | 第70-75页 |
| 2.2.6.1 Annual | 第70-71页 |
| 2.2.6.2 Winter | 第71-72页 |
| 2.2.6.3 Summer | 第72-74页 |
| 2.2.6.4 Autumn | 第74-75页 |
| 2.2.7 Drought trends and mutation detection | 第75-77页 |
| 2.2.8 Actual comparison of SPEI and SPI indices in a high drought periods | 第77-78页 |
| 2.3 Comparison of drought between two regions | 第78-80页 |
| PART THREE: NDVI CHANGING IN QINGHAI PROVINCE AND SUDAN | 第80-101页 |
| 3.1 NDVI change in Qinghai Province | 第80-91页 |
| 3.1.1 Vegetation cover of monthly time scale | 第80页 |
| 3.1.2 The spatial distribution of vegetation cover | 第80-83页 |
| 3.1.3 Spatial variation of vegetation cover | 第83-85页 |
| 3.1.3.1 Annual | 第83-84页 |
| 3.1.3.2 Seasonal | 第84-85页 |
| 3.1.4 Relationship between vegetation cover and climate factors | 第85-88页 |
| 3.1.5 Correlation of NDV with climate factors | 第88-89页 |
| 3.1.6 Correlation of NDVI with three drought indices | 第89-91页 |
| 3.2 NDVI change in Sudan | 第91-100页 |
| 3.2.1 Vegetation cover of monthly time scale | 第91-92页 |
| 3.2.2 The spatial distribution of vegetation cover | 第92-93页 |
| 3.2.3 Spatial variation of vegetation cover | 第93-95页 |
| 3.2.3.1 Annual | 第93-94页 |
| 3.2.3.2 Seasonal | 第94-95页 |
| 3.2.4 Relationship between vegetation cover and climate factors | 第95-97页 |
| 3.2.5 Correlation of NDV with climate factors | 第97-98页 |
| 3.2.6 Correlation of NDVI with three drought indices | 第98-100页 |
| 3.3 Comparison of NDVI between two regions | 第100-101页 |
| PART FOUR: INFLUENCES OF DROUGHT IN THE TWO REGIONS | 第101-115页 |
| 4.1 Influences of drought in Qinghai Province | 第101-105页 |
| 4.1.1 Human being | 第101页 |
| 4.1.2 Agricultural yield | 第101-102页 |
| 4.1.3 Grassland and livestock | 第102-104页 |
| 4.1.4 Gross Domestic product (GDP) | 第104-105页 |
| 4.2 Influences of drought in Sudan | 第105-110页 |
| 4.2.1 Human being | 第105-106页 |
| 4.2.2 Agricultural yield | 第106-109页 |
| 4.2.3 Grassland and livestock | 第109页 |
| 4.2.4 Gross Domestic product (GDP) | 第109-110页 |
| 4.3 Comparison the Influence of droughts between two regions | 第110-112页 |
| 4.4 The effort made to adaptation and mitigation in two regions | 第112-115页 |
| 4.4.1 The effort made to adaptation and mitigation in Qinghai Province | 第112-113页 |
| 4.4.2 The effort made to adaptation and mitigation in Sudan | 第113-115页 |
| PART FIVE: CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSTION | 第115-118页 |
| 5.1 The main conclusions | 第115-116页 |
| 5.2 Recommendations | 第116-118页 |
| Notes | 第118-120页 |
| References | 第120-126页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第126-127页 |
| 作者简介 | 第127-128页 |
