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国际贸易和能源消耗对新兴经济体环境的影响--加纳与中国的比较研究

ABSTRACT第6-11页
摘要第12-23页
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION第23-60页
    1.1 Research Background and Significance of the Study第23-31页
    1.2 Research Objectives第31页
    1.3 Research Questions第31-33页
    1.4 Literature Review第33-54页
        1.4.1 The Relationship between Environmental Pollution and Economic Growth第33-34页
        1.4.2 The Causal Interactions among Trade, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Environmental Pollution第34-37页
        1.4.3 Modelling & Prediction of Environmental Pollution第37-42页
        1.4.4 Factors that Influences the Environment第42-54页
    1.5 The Main Contents of the Dissertation第54-58页
    1.6 Innovation of the Study第58-60页
CHAPTER 2 RELATED CRITICAL THEORIES第60-71页
    2.1 The Economic Growth Theories第60-63页
    2.2 Trade Theories第63-64页
    2.3 Energy Economic Theories第64-65页
    2.4 Urban Growth Theories第65-67页
    2.5 The Economic- Environmental Growth Theories第67-71页
CHAPTER 3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK & HYPOTHESES OF THE THESIS第71-78页
    3.1 The Conceptual Framework第71-74页
    3.2 Development of Research Model and Hypothesis第74-78页
        3.2.1 Hypothesis Based on the Environmental Kuznet Curve Theory第74-75页
        3.2.2 Hypothesis Based on Structural Breaks第75页
        3.2.3 Hypothesis Based on Trade theory第75-76页
        3.2.4 Hypothesis Based on the Energy-led theory第76-77页
        3.2.5 Hypothesis Based on Urban Population Growth第77-78页
CHAPTER 4 DATA COLLECTION AND ECONOMETRIC MODEL DESCRIPTION第78-103页
    4.1 Profile of Study Area第80-82页
    4.2 Source of Data第82-84页
    4.3 Procedure for Preliminary Analysis of the Environmental Data and Economic Data第84-89页
        4.3.1 Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)第84页
        4.3.2 Quantile Regression第84-86页
        4.3.3 Applying the Stationarity test第86-87页
        4.3.4 Procedure for applying the Test for Structural Breaks第87-89页
    4.4 Description of Models for testing the Hypothesis Tests第89-103页
        4.4.1 Testing the Environmental Kuznet Curve Hypothesis with recent Econometric Approach第89-90页
        4.4.2 Testing for the presence of Longrun cointegration relationship among the variables第90-94页
        4.4.3 Testing for the Direction of Causality among Trade, Energy Consumption, Urbanisation and Environmental Pollution第94-98页
        4.4.4 Predicting the Carbon dioxide emission of Ghana and China into the Future第98-103页
CHAPTER 5 PRELIMINARY RESULTS第103-123页
    5.1 PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM GHANA第103-112页
        5.1.1 Descriptive Statistics第103-104页
        5.1.2 The Trend Analysis第104-105页
        5.1.3 The OLS and Quantile Regression第105-109页
        5.1.4 The Unit root Test第109-110页
        5.1.5 Structural Break Test第110-112页
    5.2 PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM CHINA第112-123页
        5.2.1 Descriptive Studies第112-113页
        5.2.2 Trend Analysis第113-114页
        5.2.3 The OLS and Quantile regression analysis第114-119页
        5.2.4 The Unit root test第119-120页
        5.2.5 The Structural Break Test第120-123页
CHAPTER 6 RESULTS & DISCUSSION第123-159页
    6.1 The Validity of Environmental Kuznets Curve Theory in the Developing Economies, Ghana and China第123-126页
    6.2 The Influence of Structural Breaks (Structural Transformation) on the trade-energy-economic growth-environmental pollution nexus第126-128页
    6.3 Cointegration Relationship among the Variables第128-134页
    6.4 The Causal Linkages among Trade, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Environmental Pollution of Ghana and China第134-148页
        6.4.1 The Direction of Causality among the variables for the period 1970-2014第134-141页
        6.4.2 The Direction of Causality among the variables for the next decade第141-148页
    6.5 Prediction of the Direction and Magnitude of Environmental Pollution in the Future第148-159页
        6.5.1 The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Approach第148-155页
        6.5.2 Brainstorm Optimisation Algorithms第155-159页
CHAPTER 7 COMPARISON OF THE RELATIONSHIPS AND POLICY IMPLICATION FOR GHANA & CHINA第159-176页
    7.1 Comparison of the relationships between Ghana and China第159-172页
        7.1.1 The Environmental Kuznets Curve Theory第159-160页
        7.1.2 The Influence of Structural Breaks第160-161页
        7.1.3 How trade, energy consumption, economic growth and urbanisation affect the environment第161-164页
        7.1.4 The direction of the causality among the utilised variables第164-166页
        7.1.5 Prediction of the carbon dioxide emission of Ghana and China第166-172页
    7.2 Policy Implications of the Research Results第172-176页
        7.2.1 Policy implication for Ghana第172-173页
        7.2.2 Policy implication for China第173-176页
CHAPTER 8 CONCLUSION AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY第176-183页
    8.1 Conclusion第176-182页
    8.2 The Major Limitations of the Study第182-183页
REFERENCES第183-196页
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS第196-198页
APPENDICES第198-200页
PUBLICATIONS第200-201页

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