| Acknowledgement | 第3-7页 |
| Abstract | 第7页 |
| 摘要 | 第8-9页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第9-13页 |
| 1.1 Background of the Study | 第9-10页 |
| 1.2 Purpose and Significance of the Study | 第10-11页 |
| 1.3 Organization of the Thesis | 第11-13页 |
| Chapter Two Literature Review | 第13-29页 |
| 2.1 Definitions | 第13-15页 |
| 2.1.1 Silence | 第13-14页 |
| 2.1.2 Classroom Silence | 第14-15页 |
| 2.2 Researches on Classroom Silence | 第15-29页 |
| 2.2.1 Foreign Researches on Students'Silence | 第15-19页 |
| 2.2.1.1 Researches on Students' Performance in English Class | 第15-16页 |
| 2.2.1.2 Researches on Reasons for Students' Classroom Silence | 第16-17页 |
| 2.2.1.3 Researches on Strategies for Reducing Students'Silence | 第17-19页 |
| 2.2.2 DomesticResearch on Students'Silence | 第19-23页 |
| 2.2.2.1 Studies on Students' Performance in English Class | 第19页 |
| 2.2.2.2 Studies on Reasons for Students' classroom silence | 第19-21页 |
| 2.2.2.3 Studies on Strategies for Reducing Students' silence | 第21-23页 |
| 2.2.3 The Theoretical Foundation of the Research | 第23-29页 |
| Chapter Three Research Design | 第29-33页 |
| 3.1 Research Question and Hypotheses | 第29-30页 |
| 3.2 Research Subjects | 第30页 |
| 3.3 Survey Instruments | 第30-32页 |
| 3.3.1 Classroom Observation | 第30-31页 |
| 3.3.2 Questionnaire | 第31页 |
| 3.3.3 Interview | 第31-32页 |
| 3.4 Data Collection | 第32-33页 |
| Chapter Four Results and Discussions | 第33-60页 |
| 4.1 Results of the study | 第33-39页 |
| 4.1.1 Results of the Classroom Observation | 第33-39页 |
| 4.1.1.1 Observation of Atmosphere of the Whole Class | 第33-34页 |
| 4.1.1.2 Observation of Students' participation | 第34-37页 |
| 4.1.1.3 Observation of Teachers' Teaching | 第37-39页 |
| 4.1.1.3.1 Teachers' Teaching Method | 第37-38页 |
| 4.1.1.3.2 Teachers' Feedback | 第38-39页 |
| 4.2 Results of the Questionnaire | 第39-43页 |
| 4.3 Analysis of Reasons for Students' Silence | 第43-60页 |
| 4.3.1 Students'Own Factors | 第43-50页 |
| 4.3.1.1 Learning Motivation | 第45页 |
| 4.3.1.2 Language Competence | 第45-46页 |
| 4.3.1.3 Lack of Confidence | 第46-47页 |
| 4.3.1.4 Anxiety | 第47-48页 |
| 4.3.1.5 A herd mentality and face consciousness | 第48-50页 |
| 4.3.2 Teachers'Factors | 第50-55页 |
| 4.3.2.1 Teaching method | 第50-52页 |
| 4.3.2.2 Teachers'Classroom Feedback | 第52-54页 |
| 4.3.2.3 Teachers' Questioning Strategy | 第54-55页 |
| 4.3.2.4 Relationship between teachers and students | 第55页 |
| 4.3.3 External Environment factors | 第55-60页 |
| 4.3.3.1 Chinese Traditional Culture and Teaching Idea | 第56-57页 |
| 4.3.3.2 Classroom Atmosphere | 第57-59页 |
| 4.3.3.3 English Evaluation System | 第59-60页 |
| Chapter Five Countermeasures of Students' Silence in English Class | 第60-69页 |
| 5.1 Countermeasures for Students' Factors | 第60-62页 |
| 5.1.1 StudentsTransform Knowledge to Skills | 第60-61页 |
| 5.1.2 Students Experience the Success and Gain Confidence | 第61-62页 |
| 5.2 Countermeasures for Teachers' Factors | 第62-66页 |
| 5.2.1 Teachers should transform the class teaching to student-centered class | 第62-63页 |
| 5.2.2 Teachers should give students the appropriate feedback | 第63-64页 |
| 5.2.3 Teachers Should Improve the Questioning Techniques | 第64-65页 |
| 5.2.4 Form a Mutual-trusted, Equal and Harmonious Relationship between Teachers and Students | 第65-66页 |
| 5.3 Countermeasures for External Environment Factors | 第66-69页 |
| 5.3.1 Change the Traditional Ideas | 第66页 |
| 5.3.2 Build an Active Class Atmosphere | 第66-67页 |
| 5.3.3 Change the English Evaluation System | 第67-69页 |
| Chapter Six Conclusion | 第69-71页 |
| 6.1 Major Findings of the Research | 第69-70页 |
| 6.2 Limitations of the Research | 第70-71页 |
| Appendix I 课堂观察记录表 | 第71页 |
| Appendix II 高中英语课堂沉默现象调查问卷 | 第71-79页 |
| Appendix III 教师访谈提纲 | 第79-80页 |
| References | 第80-84页 |
