| 摘要 | 第1-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-7页 |
| Contents | 第7-8页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第8-14页 |
| Chapter Two The transformational social background of the Industrial Revolution and the Victorian era | 第14-18页 |
| ·Changes in the Industrial Revolution period | 第14-15页 |
| ·Social transformation in the Victorian era | 第15-18页 |
| Chapter Three The decline of four male protagonists in Hardy’s novels | 第18-38页 |
| ·An ideal hero: Gabriel Oak in Far from the Madding Crowd | 第19-23页 |
| ·A failed idealist: Clym Yeobright in The Return of the Native | 第23-27页 |
| ·An eliminated fogey: Michael Henchard in The Mayor of Casterbridge | 第27-32页 |
| ·A homeless wanderer: Jude Fawley in Jude the Obscure | 第32-38页 |
| Chapter Four The disintegration of the rural society in the four novels | 第38-51页 |
| ·Lively pastoral: the rural society in Far from the Madding Crowd | 第38-41页 |
| ·Melancholy aria: the rural society in The Return of the Native | 第41-44页 |
| ·Desolate elegy: the rural society in The Mayor of Casterbridge | 第44-47页 |
| ·Helpless epilogue: the rural society in Jude the Obscure | 第47-51页 |
| Chapter Five Conclusion | 第51-53页 |
| References | 第53-55页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第55-56页 |
| 攻读硕士学位期间的研究成果 | 第56页 |
